Teaching learning methods

TEACHING LEARNING METHODS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION

1. TEACHING LEARNING METHODS MEDICAL EDUCATION WORKSHOP DR ANITA RAMESH PROFESSOR VBMC

2. TEACHING Is an art Require 3 things EXPERTISE at the subject Grasp of the LANGUAGE Skills to COMMUNICATE Choose APPROPRIATE teaching aid

3. LEARNING Learning is a highly individualized process depending on several factors Efficient learning can therefore be facilitated The role of teachers is to facilitate learning

4. Communication is central to T-L method both as a means and end of learning Learning to teach is as much a process of learning as learning any other skill There are many T-L methods Selection of an appropriate teaching learning method is essential to reach our educational objective

5. PROBLEMS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION Too much information Too little time Too many students Exams that discourage real learning

6. HOW WE LEARNT/LEARN? REWIND

7. HOW DO I MOVE FORWARD WITH THIS MILLINEAL GENERATION?

8. An atmoshere which faciliates learning Encourages them to be ACTIVE Encourages OPENNESS of mind and trust in self Facilates DISCOVERY Makes people feel RESPECTED Recognises peoples right to MAKE MISTAKES Accept DIFFERENCES

9. WHAT STUDENTS SEEK? Clear and concise Easily audible Clarify basic principles Subject covered properly Practical appilcation

10. FACTORS INFLUENCING SELECTION OF T/L METHODS GROUP SIZE RESOURCES & TIME AVAILABLE DOMAIN OF OBJECTIVE LEVEL & NATURE OF LEARNING COVERAGE OF SUBJECT FEEDBACK

11. TEACHING LEARNING STRATEGIES TRANSMITTING:Lectures,reading materials,memory devices INSRUCTING:minilecturing,active learning,collaborative teams COACHING:mentorship,demos,role plays FACILITATE PBL or project based learning

12. TEACHING/LEARNING METHODS LARGE GROUP TEACHING SMALL GROUP TEACHING(group of 30 or less) INDIVIDUALIZED LEARNING

13. T-L METHODS LARGE GROUP TEACHING INDIVIDUALIZED LEARNING SMALL GROUP TEACHING LECTURES DIRECTED STUDY OF TEXTS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FILM & VIDEO PRESENTATIONS SYMPOSIUM PANEL DISCUSSION FLIPPED CLASS JIGSAW METHOD PROBLEM BASED LEARNING READING PROJECT WORK SIMULATION COUNSELLING PRACTICAL/BEDSIDE TEACHING SEMINARS TUTORIALS DEMONSTRATIONS ROLE PLAY PROJECT WORK SIMULATIONS

14. LARGE GROUP METHOD LECTURE Careful presentation of facts with organized thoughts and ideas by a qualified person Strive for 30% /70% split 30% lecture & 70% active discussion

15. AUDIOVISUAL AIDS Chalk & board White board Flip chart Transparencies on overhead projector Slide projector Powerpoint presentation Video on LCD panel Virtual reality shows

16. LECTURE ADVANTAGES Economical Covers the whole topic Easy to plan in time schedule Large material can be imparted DISADVANTAGES Passive way of learning Teacher centric Does not cater to learner needs

17. Guidelines for effective lecture Plan the presentation –Rule of 30/70 Arrange materials in sequence Teacher facing the students Good illumination Ensure clarity Emphasize key points Summarize Feedback

18. SYMPOSIUM Series of talks by experts on many aspects of a topic under a chairperson

19. SYMPOSIUM ADVANTAGES Short speeches and change of speakers maintains interest Concise presentation DISADVANTAGES Passive audience Less opportunity for speakers to interact Formal atmosphere

20. PANEL DISCUSSION A moderator with a team who hold an orderly and a logical conversation on a topic

21. PANEL ADVANTAGES Informal atmosphere Identifies and explores a problem DISADVANTAGES Skilled moderators needed

22. SMALL GROUP TEACHING GROUP DISCUSSION SEMINAR TUTORIAL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING ROLE PLAY SIMULATION

23. SEMINAR Facilitator with a group of 10 -12 well read students Presentations made by predetermined participants Further active learning occurs during the discussion

24. SEMINAR ADVANTAGES Authoritative guidance by an expert Indepth discussion Informal Learners are active participants DISADVANTAGES Difficulty in getting the resource person Not cost effective Requires interested motivated participants

25. TUTORIAL Small group of 10 -12 learners are guided by a teacher to clear doubts and improve the understanding GROUP TUTORIAL: Teacher only guides the group.More informal

26. TUTORIAL ADVANTAGES Ideal student teacher ratio Active learning Opportunity to correct mistakes DISADVANTAGES Prior preparation by the student is needed

27. GROUP DISCUSSION Face to face interaction between members of relatively small group Group leader may be needed It can be a CONTROLLED GD BUZZ GROUP FREE GROUP DISCUSSION BRAINSTORMING

28. GROUP DISCUSSION ADVANTAGES Democratic Learners preparedness and active participation needed Synthesis of all T/L methods( lectures,bedside teaching) DISADVANTAGES Student teacher ratio to be maintained Some may find it too slow or too fast

29. PROBLEM BASED LEARNING Learning emanating from a clinically based problem It uses a clinical problem to stimulate discussion & identify learning issues by the small group Facilitates SDL Relevance to clinical application is understood Knowledge,skill & attitude is learnt

30. ADVANTAGES OF PBL Encourages self learning Helps student to fill the gaps in knowledge Development of skills like literature search encouraged Development of social skills Interaction in small groups Increases responsibility to self & others Make effective presentation

31. DISADVANTAGES OF PBL Time consuming

32. OTHER T/L METHODS DEMONSTRATION ROLE PLAY WORKSHOP BED SIDE TEACHING STANDARDIZED PATIENTS SIMULATORS VIRTUAL REALITY

33. SIMULATION/SKILLS LAB A situation or environment created to experience a representation of a real event for practice,learning,evaluation and testing Done in a realistic clinical situation Patient safety ensured Repetitive practice Provides feedback

34. CBME

35. CONCLUSION NO SINGLE IDEAL METHOD FOR TEACHING AN EFFECTIVE TEACHER HAS TO COMBINE ALL THE METHODS TO ACHIEVE OUR EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVE HAPPY TEACHING

36. GROUP TASK(ABDUL KALAM) Q)Define & Classify & Describe the etiology and pathophysiology of ANAEMIA. A)LECTURE

37. GROUP TASK(SWAMI VIVEKANAND) Q.2)Enumerate and discuss the parameters of maternal pelvis. A)DEMONSTRATION

38. GROUP TASK(SAVITRIBAI PHULE) Q.3)Mechanism of NORMAL LABOUR LECTURE DOAP SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION

39. GROUP TASK(PROF.HARINATH) Q.4)Discuss temporary methods of contraception. Indications,contraindications & adverse effects of each. Selection of patients. Method of IUD insertion LECTURE SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION DEMONSTRATING ON A MODEL

40. GROUP TASK(SARVEPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN) Q.5)23 year old patient presented to the labour room at 37 weeks of gestation with unfavourable cervix.Decision for emergency LSCS taken. A)ROLE PLAY

41. SOME INTERESTING SLIDES VIRTUAL REALITY IN MEDICAL EDUCATION

42. THANK YOU