Technology in Education and Technology of Education

differences between Technology in Education and technology of education

1. Technology in Education? And Technology of Education? Mr.U.Prasanna EU/PGS/2019/MSCED/07 Eastern University Sri Lanka Lecturers in Charge: Mr.T.SATHAANANTHAN Senior Lecturer 1 , Department of Medical Education & Research , faculty of Health-Care Sciences, Eastern University Sri Lanka

2. Educational technology is the effective use of technological tools in learning. As a concept, it concerns an array of tools, such as media, machines and networking hardware , as well as considering theoretical perspectives for their effective application. A ccording to the specialists, educational technology can be explained by looking at the two major components of the concept “ T echnology in Education ” and “Technology of Education ”. Brief 1

3. 1. Meaning of Educational Technology 2. Technology in Education 2.1 Audio Media 2.2 Visual Media 2.3 Audio-visual Media 2.4 Broadcast / Telecommunication Media 2.5 Projected Media 3. Technology of Education 3.1 Psychological Basis of Educational Technology 3.2 Philosophical Basis of Educational Technology 4. Differences between Technology of Education and Technology in Education Main Contents 2

4.   Educational technology is the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources. Source: AECT 2008, USA Educational technology is defined as a systematic way of designing, carrying out and evaluating the total process of learning and teaching in terms of specific objectives and employing a combination of human and technical resources to bring about more effective instruction. Source: UNESCO 1974, Global Educational technology, sometimes termed EdTech , is the area of technology that deals with facilitating e-learning, which is the learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources. Source: Wikipedia 1. Meaning of Educational Technology 3

5. 2. Technology in Education “Technology in education” is meant application of machines, gadgets or equipment to improve the quality of education. Definition: 4

6. Aspects of Technology in Education It is “hardware” approach to educational technology. It means using devices like computers, laptops and mobile phones for providing education. It involves the use of pieces of instructional materials A udio media V isual media Audio-visual Media Broadcast / Telecommunication Media P rojected media 5

7. 2.1. Audio Media Audio media can be referred to as the resources used in education which produce sound that convey information and stimulate the audience’s imagination . (1) Records and record players (2) Magnetic tape and tape player / recorder (3) Compact disc and compact disc player (4) Radio programme or educational broadcast 6

8. 2.2 . Visual Media Visual media are materials that appeal to the sense of sight and are subdivided into two namely: P rojected N on-projected Activity aids 1. Projected 2. Non-projected visuals Projected visuals require light source for projection. Examples are Cine (film) projector, episcope, overhead projector, slides projector, micro projection, etc. The non-projected visuals do not require light source. They include three dimensional object like chalkboard, display boards, marker boards, models 3. Activity aids Fieldtrip, Exhibition, Demonstration, Museum,Teaching Machine, Museum,Aquariam 7

9. 2.3 . Audio-visual Media These are instructional materials that have the capacity to provide issues in form of pictures and audio effect, in form of commentaries on the pictures simultaneously. Examples of media in this category are : the television, videotape player, filmstrip/slides with in-built or synchronized sound. Television, is considered the most powerful audio-visual media 8

10. 2.4 . Broadcast / Telecommunication Media Broadcast is a powerful and effective medium through which the audience and in this wise, the distant learners can be reached. Broadcasting allows for one-way of passing information across to the audience. However, it allows for some degree of interactivity by using printed materials to accompany the programmes and requiring learners to send responses back to the radio teacher 9

11. 2.5 . Projected Media Projected media belong to a group of instructional resources which can only be accessed by means of projecting their content on the screen/wall using a projector machine specifically designed for the purpose. Examples of such projectors are: slide projector, overhead projector, video projector, 16mm projector, 8mm projector, 35mm projector, filmstrip projector, opaque projector among others. 10

12. 3.Technology of Education Definition: “Technology of education” refers to application of theories and laws/rules in education and related disciplines for the purpose of improving the quality of education. It is concerned with the study of educational problems and the techniques to be used in solving the teaching-learning problems so that best results should be achieved Techniques of curriculum planning, transacting and evaluating also come under technology of education. In technology of education, we use derived from psychology of learning. 11

13. Disciplines include in Technology of Education Sociology of Education Philosophy of E ducation Psychology of Education Communication T echnology Technology of education is a component of educational technology that is involved in the use of systems approach to promote high quality education . T echniques and methodologies of the teaching learning process. This is indeed the software aspect of educational technology. 12

14. Aspects of Technology of Education It means evolution in education and differences that have developed in the education system. All forms or Methods and Strategies Educational theories in Psychology P hilosophy 13

15. 3.1. Psychological Basis of Educational Technology Educational technology draws a lot from the field of psychology in general and psychology of learning in particular. The works of such Psychologists such as B.F. Skinner, Pressey and Watson greatly influenced the method and practice of educational technology. The works of B.F . Skinner in the production of the teaching machines led to massive involvement of educational technologists in the production of more sophisticated teaching machines Teaching machine The instructional format used in teaching machines became known as programmed instruction (PI), and this new technology became a popular subject of educational research and development by the late 1950s. 14

16. 3.2. Philosophical Basis of Educational Technology The definition of Educational technology that has enjoyed general acceptability is that which defines it as “a systematic way of designing, planning, implementing and evaluating the total process of teaching and learning based on specific objectives using human and non-human elements together with application of communication theories to achieve predetermined objectives. It can also be defined as a systematic and scientific approach to identification of educational problems using human and non-human elements in the designing, planning, implementing and evaluating the solution strategies aimed at a better performance of the educational system. 15

17. 4.Differences between Technology of Education and Technology in Education Areas Technology in education Technology of education Basis It is based on the principles of physical sciences or engineering sciences. It is based on child psychology (age, ability and mental level). Approach Its approach is identified as hardware approach Its approach is identified as software approach Origin Its origin lies in the application of physical sciences or engineering to education. Its origin lies in the application of behavioral sciences to the problems. Examples TV, Radio, Slide Projector, Computer, OHP etc. Text books, work books, newspaper etc Relation It is related to teaching aids. It is related to learning aids Requirement Skilled personnel in hardware technology are needed. The use of this approach does not require skilled personnel as in hardware technology Type It is called relative technology It is called constructive educational technology Cost It is expensive. It is less costly. 16

18. Educational Technology Technology in Education All forms of Media Hardware and Media Technology System Approach Teaching-learning process, Management, etc . Technology of Education All forms or Methods and Strategies Software aspects : Philosophy, Psychology, Sociology , Communication processes Source: Balogun and Abimbade (2002 ), Agun and Imogie (1988) Summary 18

19. Adeyanju , R.J. (1999). Basic Concepts in Educational Technology. A handbook for Pre-service and In-service Teachers in West African Countries. Winneba-Ghana . Balogun , T.A. and Abimbade , A. (2002): Introduction to Instructional Technology, Ibadan: Centre for External Studies, University of Ibadan . Salawu , I.O., Taiwo , S.A. and Aremu , G.B. (1994): Introduction to Educational Technology, Ibadan : Afolabi Press. REFERENCES AND FURTHER READINGS 19

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