TESTS ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIAC DISORDERS.pptx

Tests associated with cardiac disorders

1. TESTS ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIAC DISORDERS B SWARNA PRIYA PHARM D IV YEAR JAYA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY 1

2. TYPES OF TESTS INVASIVE ANGIOGRAM NON INVASIVE AUSCULTATION BLOOD TESTS CHEST X-RAY ECG ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY MRI SCANS RADIO NUCLIDE STRESS TESTS 2

3. INVASIVE 3

4. 4 Using a sethoscope Helps to hear the normal and abnormal sounds of heart beat. Shows the variation in sound, rhythm and murmur. AUSCULTATION

5. BLOOD TESTS Valuable hints about impending or ongoing cardiac disorder. The following table shows the normal values and risk values. Arterial blood gas levels, oxygen level and acid-base balances are also tests. 5 S.NO TESTS NORMAL VALUES RISK VALUES 1. TOTAL CHOLESTEROL <200mg/dl >240mg/dl 2. LDL <100mg/dl >160mg/dl 3. HDL >60mg/dl <40mg/dl 4. TRIGLYCERIDES <150mg/dl >200mg/dl 5. FIBRINOGEN <300mg/dl >460mg/dl 6. LIPOPROTEIN [a] <14mg/dl >19mg/dl

6. CHEST X-RAY Gives a picture of organs like, heart, lungs and chest wall. Reveals the signs of heart failure, enlarged heart and edema. Diseases are diagnosed by evaluating the heart size, heart shape and the lungs. 6

7. ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG) 12 lead electrodes from the skin surface in 3 planes anterior, posterior and lateral. Bradycardia and Tachycardia producing rhythm abnormalities. 7

8. ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY (ECHO) Provides information about the structure (size and shape) and pumping function of the heart, muscle thickness. After applying a lubricating gel over the chest. To find out the heart muscle due to poor blood supply, congenital heart abnormalities, valve dysfunction. US of heart. 2D picture of heart. 8

9. MRI SCAN It gives detailed pictures of heart. The computer attached to the scanner creates the picture of both still and moving. Diagnose cardiomyopathies , myocarditis , myocardial ischemia, iron overload, congenital heart diseases and vascular diseases. Unit Tesla [T]. It is also known as cardio vascular magnetic resonance imaging [CMR]. 9

10. RADIO NUCLIDE TEST Radio active substance (an isotope) is injected into the blood of patient. 10

11. STRESS TEST Using a tread mill, exercise bike. Patients heart works hard and beat faster. If the patient cannot exercise he or she may be given drugs to increase the heart rate. If the patients coronary arteries are deposited with plague and thus narrowed it cannot supply enough blood with oxygen to meet the increased need during these stress tests. So there will be breathing difficulty, chest pain, abnormal heart rate, abnormal changes in heart rhythm . 11

12. INVASIVE 12

13. ANGIOGRAM Thin flexible catheter Blood vessel in arm or upper thigh or neck and threaded to coronary artery with the help of x-ray images. Given local anesthesia. Used to detect block in micro vascular diseases. OMNIPAQUE 350mg. Shouldn’t be used in case of kidney problem, stroke, creatinine more than 1%. 13

14. ANY QUERIES? THANK YOU 14