The Causes and Impacts of Water Pollution of Buriganga River​

The Causes and Impacts of Water Pollution of Buriganga River​

1. 1 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M The Causes and Impacts of Water Pollution of Buriganga River ​ Presented by: Md Moudud Hasan & Farida Yasmin Ruma

2. Contents Introduction Water Quality of Buriganga River Causes of Pollution Impacts of Pollution Recommendations Conclusion 2 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

3. Introduction The Buriganga river is the main river flowing through Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. Most of the industries and factories of Dhaka are situated on the banks of the Buriganga. The urban sewage of the Dhaka city is thrown in the Buriganga river . The average flow of the river - 140 m 3 /s in dry season (November to May) and 700 m 3 /s in wet season (June to October). 3 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

4. Introduction 4 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

5. Is Buriganga River Polluted? 5 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M One of the most polluted river in the world

6. Water Quality of Buriganga River 6 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M Parameters Bangladesh Standard for Fisheries (EQS,1997) Investigated Water Quality (average value) Wet season Dry season pH 6.5-8.5 6.6 7.5 DO (mg/I) 4.0-6.0 4.9 3.7 BOD (mg/I) (-) or below 2 26.4 33.4 TDS (mg/l) 500 238 579 EC (µs/cm) 800-1000 1685 2250 Temperature (°C) 25 27.04 18.2 Transparency (cm) 40 24.6 22.8 COD (mg/l) 4 188.60 265.33

7. Causes of pollution Discharge of industrial effluent 249 industries along the banks of the river. no waste water treatment plants of their own . >60,000 m3/day of toxic waste 7 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

8. Causes of pollution Discharge of tanneries 200 leather tanneries in the Hazaribagh area of Dhaka. The tanneries discharge untreated liquid toxic waste @ 22 , 000 m 3 /day 8 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

9. Causes of pollution Disposal of solid & domestic waste Dhaka WASA’s only one sewage treatment plant with a capacity of 0.12 Mm 3 /day (10 % of the total disposal of sewage). about 900 m 3 /day untreated domestic and human waste are discharged into the Buriganga-Turag system . 9 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

10. Causes of pollution Sedimentation at the upstream because of the sedimentation on the upstream , the flow of Buriganga-Turag system gets cut off, especially during the dry season 10 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

11. Causes of pollution Population explosion Dhaka's 15 million people live in just 325 km 2 . (> Belgium 11.2 million ) 11 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

12. Impacts of pollution It is difficult to survive for aquatic life 12 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

13. Impacts of pollution Pressure on urban water source 13 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

14. Impacts of pollution Excessive health hazards 14 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

15. Impacts of pollution Navigation problem 15 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

16. Recommendations Public awareness is the very important gears for pollution control. 16 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

17. Recommendations Moving tannery from Hazaribagh The plots at Savar’s Leather Industrial City allotted to tannery units. 17 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

18. Recommendations Set up new waste water treatment plants. Government should force all the industries to installed and use ETPs (Effluent Treatment Plant ). 18 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

19. Conclusion 19 River water quality was poorer in winter season than rainy season . The physiochemical properties such as Temperature, pH and TDS were within the safe limit throughout the year . Dissolved Oxygen concentration in winter (January) very low due to various microbial activities--- an unfavorable environment for aquatic lives . Buriganga River water quality is not acceptable from aquatic ecosystem perspectives for the parameters such as BOD5 , COD and EC during both dry and wet seasons . INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

20. References Chakraborty, C., M. M. Huq , S. Ahmed, T. Tabassum , and M. R. Miah. 2013. “Analysis of the Causes and Impacts of Water Pollution of Buriganga River: A Critical Study.” Int J Eng Res Technol 2: 245. “ Dhaka.” 2016. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia . https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dhaka&oldid=720578573 . Rahman , Md Ashiqur , and D. A. Bakri. 2010. “A Study on Selected Water Quality Parameters along the River Buriganga , Bangladesh.” Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment 1 (2): 81–92 . Saifullah , A. S. M., M. H. Kabir , A. Khatun , S. Roy, and M. S. Sheikh. 2013. “Investigation of Some Water Quality Parameters of the Buriganga River.” Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 5 (2): 47–52 . Uddin , Md Galal , Md Moniruzzaman , Muhammad Al-Amin Hoque , Md Abu Hasan, and Mala Khan. 2016. “Seasonal Variation of Physicochemical Properties of Water in the Buriganga River, Bangladesh.” World Applied Sciences Journal 34 (1): 24–34 . 20 INTERUNIVERSITY PROGRAMME IN WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING WQA&M

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