The Cold War (FOr younger Grades) .pptx

It discusses the Cold War between the United States and Russia. As well as the Space Race.

1. The Cold War

2. Introduction During WW2 The United States and the Soviet Union fought on the same side. After WW2 they became suspicious of each other. For 40 Years they would build threats against each other. The Effects of the Cold War are still there today.

3. Communism Spreads

4. Taking Sides Western Countries, mainly United States and Britain became worried that the Soviets wanted control of all of Europe. In 1949 these countries created NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organization) All these countries agreed to defend each other if the Soviet Union attacked. Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union made a similar pact called the Warsaw Pact in 1955.

5. Germany Divided At the end of WW2 Germany was divided into 4 sections. The Eastern Zone controlled by the Soviets The 3 Western Zones controlled by the United States, Britain, and France.

6. Berlin Wall Berlin, which was the capital of Germany was inside East Germany. It was divided into East and West. Life was much harder for East Berlin. Many people from East Berlin tried to move to West Berlin. In order to stop this the Soviets built a wall.

7. Cuban Missile Crisis During the Cold War, both sides built up their weapon systems to be more advanced. This is called the Arms Race. In 1962 the United States found out that the Soviet Union was planning to base their nuclear weapons in Cuba. Why was it a Crisis?

8. Nuke Test

9. The Korean War It was fought in 1950-1953 It was fought over communism. Even though the United States and the Soviets never fought each other, they both supplied arms. Eventually Korea would split into North and South Korea.

10. Vietnam War First time war would be documented for media. Was originally to stop communism. Was started by the United States to show off new weapons. United States lost. Vietnam became a communist nation. Many Vietnamese people had to flee.

11. Changing Times During the 1970’s The United States and the Soviets were finally getting along. This changed when the Soviets declared war on Afghanistan in 1979. In 1991 the Soviet Union split up.

12. Quiz Question 1: Who fought in the Cold War? The Soviets and the United States What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? It was the Soviets pointing their Nukes at the United States and the United States doing the same. What was the Arms Race? It was the rushing to modern weapons so that they could beat the other. Why was it called “The Cold War”? Because there was not really any fighting. Hence it was “Cold”

13. SPACE RACE

14. Space Race Once the rocket was invented in the 1930’s people began to think of “Out of this world” opportunities. The first rockets were used to carry German bombs in WW2. After, scientists began to study the possibility to get into space. Both the United States and the Soviets raced to be the first in Space.

15. Satellites in Space In October 1957 the Soviets became the first to launch a satellite into space. Sputnik 1 It was able to orbit the earth. Satellites are used to take detailed photos of earth and send it back to us.

16. People in Space The Soviets were also able to send the first man into space. They sent Yuri Gagarin who orbited the Earth for 108 minutes. He was treated as a hero. This added pressure on the United States.

17. Flying to the Moon In the early 1960’s the Soviets were winning the space race. The United States was desperate to change this. John F Kennedy announced a plan to place a man on the moon.

18. Man on the moon In December 1968 an American Spacecraft Apollo 8 flew around the moon. 6 Months later, June 1969 US Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to step on the moon.

19. One step for man

20. The Space Shuttle The early spacecrafts of the 1970’s and 1960’s could only be used once. The crew would be inside a capsule which would have a parachute and slowly land them in water. This changed in 1981 when the United States introduced their shuttle. It flies up like a rocket but can land like a plane. This revolutionized the Space industry.

21. The Space Station Both, the United States and Soviet Union built a place where astronauts could stay for long periods of time in space. After the Cold War ended the Soviets and the United states worked together to build a space station. The whole world then got involved, with the United States and Soviets building the first parts of the International Space Station.

22. Quiz Who created the first Satellite? The Soviets Who sent the first man into space? Soviets What were the name of the 2 astronauts who went to the moon? Buzz Aldrin and Niel Armstrong.

23. The Fall of Communism By the 1980’s Eastern Europe was facing a huge problem. People there were much more poor than those in the West. Many people did not have food. The Communist Rulers were unpopular and relied on the Soviet Union and their armies to keep them in power.

24. A New Leader In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became leader. He started to modernize the Soviet Union. He allowed the people to set up their own businesses. He allowed them to vote in elections. He also stopped helping communist leaders in other countries.

25. People Power In 1988 thousands of workers from Poland went on strike against their government. The Polish leaders were forced to allow elections. The Workers Trade Union, known as Solidarity, won. In 1989 a non-communist leader was elected. A year later (1990) the Solidarity leader, Lech Walesa became president of Poland.

26. Opening Borders East Germany was very strict. People were not allowed to travel at all to the west. In September 1989 Hungary opened its borders to Austria. Thousands began to escape from East Germany to Hungary. In East Germany many protests started.

27. Berlin wall falls On November 9 th East Germany agreed to let people into West Germany. In Berlin people climbed over the wall and the gates were open. Thousands of East Germans crossed over into Western Germany.

28. East And West Join together

29. A Violent End

30. The Soviet Union Breaks The Republics of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania decided to break away and form their own countries. Other regions tried to do the same. Fighting ended up breaking out in some places. President Gorbachev stepped down on December 31, 1991. The Soviet Union then split into 15 different countries. The Largest is the Republic of Russia. With the fall of communism, the Cold War was over.