The Contemporary Global Governance Powerpoint Presentation

Explore the complexities and dynamics of contemporary global governance in this comprehensive PowerPoint presentation. Delve into the structures, challenges, and actors shaping the global order in the 21st century. From international organizations like the United Nations and World Bank to the role of non-state actors, multinational corporations, and grassroots movements, this presentation provides a nuanced understanding of how global policies are formulated and implemented. Examine key issues such as climate change, global security, human rights, and economic inequality, and discover how global governance mechanisms strive to address these pressing concerns. With a focus on collaboration, power dynamics, and the evolving nature of sovereignty, this presentation offers valuable insights into the opportunities and obstacles facing global governance today.

1. Contemporary Global Governance Balondo, Japhet Delgado, Clarence Jay Lesson 5

2. Global Governance What is global Governance and it does: All countries or governments need to co-exist in peace, harmony, in a spirit of cooperation, or have a just system for conflict resolution. However, there is no such thing as a "world government." There are cases were countries have internal problems. BUT… The country cannot solve their problem on their own.

3. Global Governance What is global Governance and it does: Global Governance is needed to facilitate relations within countries and amongst countries, organizations, and markets through a set of norms, policies, laws, codes of conduct, or regulations. In cases where states do not have capacity to solve problems on their own, global governance is needed.

4. Factors behind the Emergence Of Global Governance Decline of power of the nation-states Permeability of nation-states to vast flows of things Mass migration of people, flow of criminal elements Internal events or problems which nation-states cannot control Global problems that a single nation-state is unable to tackle on their own Global Governance

5. Factors behind the Emergence Of Global Governance Decline of power of the nation-states Global Governance Other actors are becoming more powerful such as global corporations. With the increasing economic prowess of global corporations in key areas such as energy, food, transport, health care, they yield strong influence on many global policies. Global civil society organizations likewise, have established historical credibility, relevance and effectives in helping resolve problems in times of conflict or disaster. They also have a strong voice and influence on global matters.

6. Factors behind the Emergence Of Global Governance Permeability of nation-states to vast flows of things Global Governance The easy, fast and difficult-to-control flow of digital information has led to new phenomena such as fake news, cyber bullying, invasion of privacy, and other digital fraudulent activities which calls for Global Governance.

7. Factors behind the Emergence Of Global Governance Mass migration of people, flow of criminal elements Global Governance Sex trafficking and import/export/pushing of illegal drugs are just some forms of unlawful activities that need strong regulatory policies, international cooperation, and effective implementation of law for the protection of many vulnerable and marginalized members of society. This calls for global governance.

8. Factors behind the Emergence Of Global Governance Internal events or problems which nation-states cannot control Global Governance The economic and political crisis in Sudan has led to mass protests, violence, and had cost lives. This has been on-going for a long time with no signs that the country can solve their internal problem by themselves. This calls for intervention from the outside, however, the Sudanese government has resisted.

9. Factors behind the Emergence Of Global Governance Global problems that a single nation-state is unable to tackle on their own Global Governance An example of a problem wherein states do not have the capacity to solve on their own is the global financial crisis that have often victimized nation-states.

10. State as well as Non-state Actors work together to come up with mutually beneficial Global Governance. Intergovernmental organizations United Nations Civil Societies Markets STATES Global Governance

11. The Role of the United Nations in Global Governance There is no "Central Authority" in Global Governance. But the United Nations , with its 193 state-membership and capability to involve many non-state actors, come close as to being a "Central Authority" to raise global issues and to help resolve them.

12. What is the United Nations? a global organization composed of 193 nation-states, while a wide network of international organizations, treaties, and conventions fosters cooperation among nation-states to address global problems together Founded in 1945 after WWII

13. Why do we have the United Nations? After World War l, the League of Nations was created to prevent another world war During World War II, the League of Nations was eliminated because it failed to prevent another war In 1945, with WWII almost ending, the United Nations was created to replace the failed League of Nations

14. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly

15. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly main deliberative body of the UN venue where all member-states come together to discuss and vote on resolutions about global issues General Assembly

16. Main Bodies of the United Nations? General Assembly World Food Program UN Development Program Environmental Program UNICEF UN Women UN Habitat General Assembly

17. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly main responsibility is maintaining international peace and security composed of the United States of America, Britain, Russia, China, and France as permanent members, with ten (10) other non-permanent members on a two-year term Security Council

18. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly Security Council Four Committees Security Council Counter-terrorism Committee Military Staff Committee Peace-keeping Operations Political Missions

19. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly coordinates the economic, social, and related concerns along with the specialized agencies and organizations The specialized agencies and other bodies are: FAO, IMF, UNESCO, WHO, Committee on NGOs, Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Economic and Social Council

20. Main Bodies of the United Nations? Economic and Social Council WHO FAO IMF Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues UNESCO Committee on NGOs Economic and Social Council

21. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly assists the other bodies and committees while performing varied tasks The different departments and offices of the Secretariat are: Executive Office of the Secretary General, UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, Department of Global Communications Secretariat

22. Main Bodies of the United Nations? Secretariat Department of Global Communications UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Secretariat Executive office of the Secretary General

23. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly provides international supervision for Trust Territories to attain self- government and independence suspended its operations after the last of the trust territories attained independence in 1994 Trusteeship Council

24. Main Bodies of the United Nations? International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council Secretariat Economic and Social Council Security Council General Assembly also referred to as the World Court The Peace Palace in Hague, Netherlands provides the venue for countries settle disputes inside a court of law International Court of Justice

25. Roles and Functions of the United Nations Identifying and diagnosing problems Managing knowledge Developing norms Formulating recommendations Institutionalizing ideas 1 2 3 4

26. Roles and Functions of the United Nations Managing knowledge 1 Step 1: To recognize existence the existence of the problem. Step 2: Gather solid data to understand the root cause. Step 3: Explain the problem. Issues on environmental degradation, terrorism, health, and rapid population growth UN flags these issues to governments. UN ensures these are put in the agenda and discussed in world conferences and summits, even if met with resistance by the countries involved.

27. Roles and Functions of the United Nations Developing norms 2 Step 1: Seek agreement that the problem is serious enough to warrant attention by the international policy community Step 2: UN helps to institutionalize new norms of behavior HIV/AIDS Racial and gender discrimination Safe sex Equal employment opportunity

28. Roles and Functions of the United Nations Developing norms 2 UN recognizes that nations have different cultures, languages, and administrative habits. This means that International Norms gets “translated, customized, adopted, institutionalized” down into domestic laws, policies and standards, but still based on the spirit of the international agreements. International norms National politics Domestic laws/policies/standards

29. Roles and Functions of the United Nations Institutionalizing ideas 4 Assign an institution to oversee the implementation and monitoring of the program. HIV/AIDS Safe sex Education and awareness campaigns of the symptoms and causes of HIV/AIDS; Public behavior towards people who are HIV/AIDs-positive Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)

30. Roles and Functions of the United Nations Since 1945, the United Nations has been a champion of the following global concerns: Preventing and managing conflicts Regulating armaments Championing human rights and international humanitarian law Liberating the colonized Providing economic and technical aid in newly liberated countries Organizing elections Empowering women Educating children Feeding the hungry Sheltering the dispossessed and displaced Housing the refugees Tending to the sick Coordinating disaster relief and assistance

31. Roles and Functions of the United Nations To help us understand the beginnings and roles of United Nations, let us watch the following video: The United Nations: It’s Your World https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHmXZXsABm0

32. Challenges of Global Governance in the 21 st Century As discussed, Global Governance is needed in today's modern world more than ever before. But Global Governance continues to face many challenges. Challenges of Global Governance Vast disparities in power and influence among state and non- state actors Indistinct and diffused authority Decentralized and informal, self- regulatory groups UN and other actors are inadequately resourced Global governance actors are sometimes incoherent in their policies

33. Challenges of Global Governance in the 21 st Century Despite being the largest, organized Global Governance body, the United Nations remains to have gaps and limitations. Operates mainly as a forum for states to air their differences, not solve problems Major Gaps and Limitations of the United Nations States do not get sanctions for wars they created No ability to prevent many atrocities and genocides around the world States can evade International laws, without consequences

34. Example: UN face challenges in the effective Implementation of Programs Sometimes, individuals or groups challenge and defy the norms and laws HIV/AIDS Safe sex Education and awareness campaigns of the symptoms and causes of HIV/AIDS; Public behavior towards people who are HIV/AIDs-positive Joint UN Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Sometimes, the UN lacks the processes and procedures for enforcing compliance with the international norms and laws

35. Challenges of Global Governance in the 21 st Century Some key challenges Nationalistic interests - Different national agenda or preference makes it challenging to get countries' cooperation for the sake of global interest. Country leaders always have to face a balancing act or to give in or make hard unpopular decisions to go against international norms. Ex. Issues on pollution control, territorial disputes Lack of consensus - There is a notion that, major powers are often reluctant to engage less prominent stakeholders on issues, thus it is difficult to come up with a common vision and agreed action plan. Ex. Nuclear Energy policies Indistinct and diffused authority - while there are international Laws, states can evade them with no major consequences. Most states assert their sovereignty when faced with international disputes. Ex. Human Rights Issues, Immigration Issues

36. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization Is the State Still Relevant? There are schools of thought who argue that the State is becoming irrelevant because it cannot keep up with globalization. On one hand, others argue that the State is more relevant now because it can influence the direction of globalization. State Relevant? Irrelevant?

37. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization Is the State Still Relevant? But both arguments miss the point. A State's legitimacy is not based on how it can effectively handle globalization, rather, how effective can it utilize its public goods vs. the other Actors in this on-going process of Globalization. Intergovernmental organizations United Nations Civil Societies Markets STATES Global Governance Actors in Globalization

38. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization Is the State Still Relevant? There are certainly cases of States that are incompetent, and where others actors are more effective in addressing some specific issues. However, until or unless some actors can perform better the services that States do now in a macro scale, then the State will continue to be a major force in the Globalization. Intergovernmental organizations United Nations Civil Societies Markets STATES Global Governance Actors in Globalization

39. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization Is the State Still Relevant? As Globalization shapes the State, the State shapes Globalization. State Globalization

40. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization Is the State Still Relevant? Faced with globalization, states have to deal with global concerns in addition to its internal affairs. Some examples of global concerns are: Terrorism Economic globalization i.e. threat of foreign competition, impact of global economy to the local economy Threats to the national identity due to immigration, inflows of information and culture Environmental Protection

41. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization Definition - the terms State and Nation so far have been used inter-changeably, but it is important to distinguish the two. State refers to a distinctive political community with its own government which asserts sovereignty over its land and people Nation refers to socially-constructed communities that hold together people bound by common history and culture, cutting across some identities such as ethnicity, language and religion

42. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization The Difference between Nation and the State Nation State Nation-State History Culture Identity Government Sovereignty Territory People

43. The Relevance of the State amid Globalization The Difference between Nation and the State Nation-State sovereign institution which governs individuals sharing a collective history, culture identity, and culture within a bounded territory state is considered the representative of 'the people’. 'the people' is the source of the state's sovereignty; it is the people who give the state its legitimacy