The Discipline of Psychology

This PowerPoint Presentation includes the following:
- The Discipline of Psychology
- The Development of Psychology
- Important Personalities in Psychology
- Fields of Psychology
- Key Concepts in Psychology
- Research Methods in Psychology
- Current Applications of Psychology

1. THE DISCIPLINE OF PSYCHOLOGY Module 8

2. The Discipline of Psychology

3. The Discipline of Psychology Psychology Comes from the Greek word psyche which means ‘ ’soul’’; hence, psychology, in essence, the study of soul.

4. The Discipline of Psychology The definition of Psychology has evolved through time. Some Psychologists would define it as ‘’the study of behavior and mental processes.’’ Psychology is an interdisciplinary study that involves disciplines in the social sciences, natural sciences, and even humanities and philosophy.

5. The Discipline of Psychology Psychology seeks to answer why the human mind works the way it does and how it functions and operates. The application of psychology is not simply confined within the mental health problems but encompasses even other areas of human activity.

6. The Development of Psychology

7. The Development of Psychology In ancient Greece, Plato developed his theory of tripartite soul.

8. Plato’s Theory of T ripartite S oul l ogical, spirited, and the appetitive.

9. The Development of Psychology Plato’s Theory of Tripartite Soul Logical part of the soul pertains to a man’s ability to think and make rational choices.

10. The Development of Psychology Plato’s Theory of Tripartite Soul Spirited or hymoeides part of the soul refers to man’s temper, anger, courage. He also calls this part  ‘high spirit'

11. The Development of Psychology Plato’s Theory of Tripartite Soul Appetitive also known as survival value is part of the soul is associated with man’s pleasures and desires. Examples: pleasure, money, comfort, and physical satisfaction.

12. The Development of Psychology For Aristotle, man can be understood by his functions, which may include to grow, to feel, to move, and most importantly, to reason.

13. The Development of Psychology In ancient China, Confucius envisioned the superior man to have the following virtues: Humanness, righteousness, proper rites, knowledge, and integrity.

14. The Development of Psychology In ancient India, the core tents of Hinduism and Buddhism focus on self-awareness as a method of enlightenment.

15. Important Personalities in Psychology

16. Was an ancient G reek physician. Hippocrates In the field of Psychology, he formulated the theory of humors in explaining behavior or personality. He believed that the four temperaments are the foundation of personality; sanguine (cheerful and active), melancholic (sad), choleric (angry and aggressive), and phlegmatic (calm and passive).

17. Imam-Razi Was an Islamic philosopher. Theorized that sentimental attachment to material object could be cause of mental illness when the object is lost or the person is separated from it.

18. Imam-Ghazali Was an Islamic philosopher. Believed that the self is the essence of man and that the self is the core from which personality arises. He developed the idea that there are six powers of the self— anger, impulse, intellect, appetite, and will.

19. Rene Descartes Was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. Theorized the dualism of the mind and body. For Descartes, the mind and body interact but the mind can exert extra more effort into the body.

20. Wang Qingren Offered an analysis of psychological activities as an effect of brain functions. Wang Qingren argued that thoughts and feelings d o not come from the heart, but come from the brain instead. Was a Chinese physician.

21. Wilhelm Maximillian Wundt A German physician and philosopher, is regarded as the Father of Experimental Psychology . His psychology can be categorize under structuralism. His main inquiry in studying psychology focused on consciousness or on how a person experiences the world.

22. William James An American philosopher and psychologist. One of his most prominent proposition was the theory of self in which he divided the self into ‘’Me’’ and ‘’I’’ The ‘’Me’’ self pertains to the aspect that comes to an individual’s experiences while the ‘’I’’ self pertains to what James calls pure ego.

23. Max Wertheimer An Austro-Hungarian psychologist. Known to be the Father of Gestalt Psychology. The Highlight of Gestalt Psychology experiment is the ability of the brain to perceive a moving subject when it is not actually moving. Hence, in order to understand the psychology of a person, the psychologist must examine the person as a whole rather than focusing on his or her part.

24. Sigmund Freud Austrian neurologist known as the Father of Psychoanalysis . Freud developed a therapeutic techniques for mental illness using free association and transference. Freud’s other famous concepts were his proposition on the three elements of personality -- id (unconscious aspect of personality, ego (realistic aspect), and super ego (moral and idea aspect).

25. Burhuss Frederic Skinner An American psychologist and social philosopher known as one of the Fathers of Behavioral Psychology. Skinner argued that there is no such thing as free will and that actions are rather defined by what he called principle of reinforcement.

26. Fields of Psychology

27. Fields of Psychology Biological p sychology Studies psychology from a biological perspective. It examines how thoughts, feelings, and behavior physically affects human being and animals.

28. Fields of Psychology Behavioral psychology or behaviorism Behaviorism is essentially a learning theory as it inquires on the development aspect of behavior and analyzes quantitatively the changes that occurred over time.

29. Fields of Psychology Cognitive p sychology Analyzes how sensory data are interpreted and are used by the mind to produce behavior.

30. Fields of Psychology Social p sychology This field studies human behavior as a result of immediate social interactions both physical and virtual.

31. Fields of Psychology Psychoanalyses The main idea behind psychoanalysis is the concept of unconscious.

32. Fields of Psychology Humanistic psychology Focuses on how a person can better achieve self- actualization through the development of his or her abilities.

33. Key Concepts in Psychology

34. Personality Personality is defined as the consistent patterns of an individual’s behavior, attitude, and thoughts. t he study of differences in personality characteristics The study of the various parts of a person that make up his or her personality

35. Unconscious Mind The unconscious is the hidden or underlying structure of consciousness when a person’s repressed emotions, feelings, or traumatic experience stored. Repression is a form of self preservation in as much as it removes unpleasant thoughts from our conscious mind.

36. Motivation Motivation is the reason why a person acts. It is the driving force behind actions and is influenced by the environment, social factors, personal choices, behavior, intelligence, and other psychological traits.

37. Development It refers to the changes that occur in a person throughout his or her life.

38. Research Methods in Psychology

39. Research Methods in Psychology Controlled Experiment A  controlled experiment  is a scientific test that is directly manipulated by a scientist, in order to test a single variable at a time. All controlled experiment involves two groups being research upon -the experimental group and the control group.

40. Research Methods in Psychology Quantitative and Qualitative Psychological Research Quantitative psychological research uses mathematical formulas, and statistics to establish conclusions based on psychological patterns. On the other hand, qualitative psychological research is a method that aims to derived at conclusions though a naturalistic approach.

41. Research Methods in Psychology Computer Stimulation Computer stimulation uses computer models to determine cognitive functions and performance, emotion, human attributes, and language.

42. Research Methods in Psychology Animal Studies This method in psychological research focuses on animal behavior and cognition. These test allow for the generation of parallel theories that could be tested on human subject.

43. Current Applications of Psychology

44. Psychological testing Aside from written tests, psychological testing also comes in the form of interviews. The overall aim of the psychological testing is to get a comprehensive assessment of the person’s mental health and provide a deeper understanding of the person’s problems. Psychological test are commonly given as a requirement for job applications or school/university entrance examinations.

45. Mental health care Mental health care is provided to individuals with personality disorders, mental disorders, or emotional problems that are severe enough to affect the way they function in life and in society. Mental health care are provided by clinical psychologists and psychiatrist so that the individual could properly function in society by means of therapy.

46. Health, well-being, and social change Psychologist can educate patients by providing instructions on how to cope up with illnesses or how to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Psychologists are also able to provide new knowledge on various social issues by researching, for example, the effects of terrorism on the mental health and consciousness of the people or the effects of bullying in school to children.

47. Thank you!

48. Psychology Group: Jenica Reine Baltazar Samantha Jade Gamboa April Mae Soliman Seandale Tiglao