The human breathing and circulatory syst

Instructional material for Grade 9 students- First quarter, with the topic on respiratory system covering the topic on Respiratory system and circulatory system working together with the other organ systems. The lesson material encompasses lesson discussion on respiratory system and to left to be developed for other developers. Associated to the material is assessment of the topic learning to measure the understanding of the learners in the lesson. The test composed of three types of test, multiple choice, true or false and short answer.

1. Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working with the other Organ Systems Week 1-2 S9LT-la-b-26 1. explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body;

2. The Breathing System-Parts and Functions Week 1- Day 1

3. Respiratory System-the breathing system The human breathing system, also known as the respiratory system, is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide. It consists of several structures that work together to facilitate breathing.

4. Major parts oh the breathing system Nose and Nasal Cavity Function : Air enters through the nose, where it is filtered by tiny hairs and mucus that trap dust, pollen, and other particles. The air is also warmed and moistened in the nasal cavity before it moves to the next stage.

5. Pharynx (Throat) Function : The pharynx is a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for both air and food. It connects the nasal cavity to the larynx and esophagus.

6. Larynx (Voice Box) Function: Located just below the pharynx, the larynx contains the vocal cords and is responsible for sound production. It also serves as a passageway for air and prevents food and liquids from entering the trachea.

7. Trachea (Windpipe) Function: The trachea is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It is lined with cilia and mucus to trap and expel foreign particles. The trachea is reinforced with cartilage rings to keep it open.

8. Bronchi and Bronchioles Function : The trachea divides into two bronchi, each leading to one lung. The bronchi further divide into smaller bronchioles within the lungs. These airways distribute air to the lung tissues.

9. Lungs Function : The lungs are the main organs of respiration. They contain tiny air sacs called alveoli where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen from the air is absorbed into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide from the blood is expelled into the alveoli to be breathed out.

10. Alveoli Function : Alveoli are tiny, balloon-like structures at the end of the bronchioles. They are surrounded by a network of capillaries. This is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

11. Diaphragm : Function : The diaphragm is a large, dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the lungs. It contracts and flattens when you inhale, creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs. When you exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, pushing air out of the lungs.

12. The Breathing System-Parts and Functions Week 1- Day 2- Test Your Learning

13. 1. What is the main function of alveoli? To filter out dust particles To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide To humidify the air To produce mucus

14. 2. What organ connects the pharynx to the lungs Larynx Bronchi Trachea Bronchioles

15. 3. Which of the following is the primary muscle involved in breathing? Diaphragm Trachea Larynx Bronchi

16. 4. What is the role of the nasal cavity in respiration? To exchange gases To produce sound To filter , warm and humidify the air To protect the lungs

17. 5. Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for voice production Larynx Pharynx Wind pipe Bronchi

18. True or False 6. The trachea is also known as the windpipe 7. Alveoli are surrounded by a network of capillaries. This is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. 8. The pharynx is a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for both air and food. 9. Oxygen from the air is absorbed into the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide from the blood is expelled into the alveoli to be breathed out. 10. Pharynx is a tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi.

19. Short answer 11. Describe the path air takes from the nose to alveoli 12. Explain the role of the diaphragm in the breathing process 13. What happens during gas exchange in the alveoli? 14. Explain the role of mucus production to protect the lungs from harmful substances? 15. Describe the lungs.

20. The Circulatory System-Parts and Functions Week 1- Day 3