The Tudors.pptx

The Tudor dynasty

1. The Tudor Dynasty 1485 - 1603

2. War of the Roses English Civil War to determine who would take the throne House of York House of Lancaster War lasted from 1453 - 1487 Henry of Lancaster led his house to victory

3. War of the Roses Henry Tudor became Henry VII of England He married the daughter of the dead leader of the house of York, uniting the two houses The TUDOR Dynasty had begun

4. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Henry VIII

5. KING HENRY VIII - He was big and handsome and wore fine clothes. - He loved tennis, horse riding and hunting. - He spoke four languages, wrote poetry and played music. - He enjoyed extravagant dishes some as exotic as dolphin meat! - He even enjoyed alcoholic drinks containing pure gold ! BUT HE MOST WANTED A SON TO SUCCEED HIM.

6. The Beginning: Henry VIII was given permission from the Pope to marry his brother’s widow WIFE #1 – CATHERINE OF ARAGON

7. The Problem: Catherine failed to produce a male heir – she only had one surviving child – Mary Henry wanted a divorce, but Pope Clement VII wouldn’t invalidate the marriage Henry tried to get Church to do what he wanted, and appointed Sir Thomas More as English Cardinal WIFE #1 – CATHERINE OF ARAGON

8. The Result: DIVORCE More wouldn’t support the divorce Henry proceeded to dissolve his ties to the Pope ENGLISH REFORMATION – Henry VIII took control of the English clergy and had himself appointed the head of the Church of England He divorced Catherine and married his lover Anne Boleyn

9. The Beginning: he began an affair with Anne Boleyn while still married to his first wife WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN

10. The Problem: Only had 1 surviving child – a daughter, Elizabeth Henry upset at not having a son, accused Anne of incest and adultery WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN

11. The Result: BEHEADED Anne was brought to the Tower of London and EXECUTED WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN

12. Legend had it she had a sixth finger and a large mole or goiter on her neck Just prior to her execution, Anne’s marriage to Henry was dissolved and considered invalid WIFE #2 – ANNE BOLEYN

13. The Beginning: First came to the court in the service of Queen Catherine; later she waited on Queen Anne Boleyn Henry felt she was his first “true wife ” On October 12, 1537 she g ave birth to the wished-for A SON WIFE #3 – Jane Seymour

14. The Problem: Complications in childbirth WIFE #3 – Jane Seymour

15. The Result: DIED She died 2 weeks after giving birth to Henry’s only legitimate son – Edward She is the only one of the 6 wives buried with him. WIFE #3 – Jane Seymour

16. BRIEF RECAP: WHO ARE THE 3 LEGITIMATE CHILDREN OF HENRY VIII? MARY (mom divorced) ELIZABETH (mom beheaded) EDWARD (mom died)

17. The Beginning: Henry was single for 2 years after Jane died Henry wanted a marriage for political reasons, to form an Alliance between the new English Protestants and German Protestants He hired a painter to find him a potential ally and paint the women who could make it possible – the painter chose Anne of Cleves, from Germany WIFE #4 – ANNE OF CLEVES

18. The Problem: Once Henry VIII saw her in person, he found her extremely unattractive He went through with the marriage because of political reasons, but he never was attracted to her or loved her WIFE #4 – ANNE OF CLEVES

19. The Result: DIVORCED He could not stand being married to her, and though it cost him politically, he soon divorced her WIFE #4 – ANNE OF CLEVES

20. The Beginning: She was a cousin of Anne Boleyn (wife #2) Married her only 16 days after his divorce to Anne of Cleves – he was 49, she was 19 WIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARD

21. The Problem: He called her his “rose without a thorn” She began having multiple affairs within the castle WIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARD WIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARD

22. The Result: BEHEADED She was executed on charges of adultery There has never been a confirmed portrait of Cathryn Howard. However, experts believe this may be her due to the necklace she is wearing. WIFE #5 – CATHRYN HOWARD

23. Widowed twice before marrying Henry Became a stabilizing mother figure in home – to Mary, Elizabeth, and Edward Persuaded Henry to bring the daughters back to the castle and reinstate them as his legitimate children She outlived Henry, who died January 28, 1547 It is said by many that this was the only wife he truly loved WIFE #6 – Katherine Parr

24. CATHERINE OF ARAGON ANNE BOLEYN JANE SEYMOUR ANNE OF CLEVES CATHRYN HOWARD KATHERINE PARR To recap… the wives of Henry VIII

25. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI King Edward VI Crowned at the age of nine Had a good relationship with his sisters He died at the age of 15 from fever & cough

26. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI Mary I Queen Mary I “Bloody Mary” – when she took the throne, she returned Catholicism to England, executing anyone involved in the Protestant Reformation She imprisoned Elizabeth, her sister, in the Tower of London when Elizabeth was 21 However, Mary wed Phillip of Spain, and shortly afterwards became pregnant

27. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI Mary I Queen Mary I Since she was pregnant with an heir to the throne, she no longer saw Elizabeth as a threat, and released her Her belly continued to swell, but there was no baby Mary died from what is now believed to be a large tumor in her stomach

28. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I Elizabeth I Queen Elizabeth I took the throne Considered the best ruler in the history of all of England Restored Protestantism, but ruled with tolerance Defeat of the Spanish Armada Huge patron of the arts

29. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ James I not Tudor – King of Scotland Elizabeth died in 1603 at the age of seventy She had ruled England for 45 years She had no heir to the throne, so the crown passed to King James of Scotland He ruled well, continuing her love and patronage of the arts He also supported religious freedom for the common man

30. TUDOR RULERS Henry VII Henry VIII Edward VI Mary I Elizabeth I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ James I not Tudor – King of Scotland King James

31. Top 10 fascinating Tudor Facts: 1. The Tudors didn’t have forks – they ate with knives and their fingers. 2. Only rich boys could go to school in Tudor times . Rich girls received an education at home and poor children had to work to earn money for their families. 3. Tudor school teachers were very strict – you were given 50 lashes with the cane if you misbehaved .

32. 4. The punishment for fighting in the royal court was having your hand chopped off ! 5. The Tudors liked keeping pets. It is thought that Mary I had a pet parrot while Elizabeth I had a pet monkey . 6. Tudors knew very little about how to cure diseases. Only rich people could afford doctors but they had no better chance of surviving an illness. Common cures included eating spiders in butter to cure a cough and pressing a hangman’s rope to your head for a headache . 7.Henry VIII’s toilet attendant (called the ‘Groom of the Stool’) was the most important royal servant. Only four people had this role during his reign.

33. 8. Potatoes were first brought to Britain in the 1580s from the New World. 9. It was illegal to beg for money or food in the Tudor period unless you were disabled in some way. If people didn’t have a job, they had no way to earn money so often pretended to be disabled so they could beg. 10. Sugar became a very popular commodity amongst wealthy people in Tudor times but it was so expensive that only the rich could afford it. Elizabeth I had a very sweet tooth and ate so much sugar that her teeth rotted and turned black. This started a fashion for black teeth among rich people – they wanted to show that they could afford lots of sugar too!

34. THE END