Traction in orthopaedics for ug mbbs

orthopedic tractions system

1. TRACTION IN ORTHOPAEDICS NUR FARRA NAJWA BINTI ABDUL AZIM 082015100035

2. At the end of seminar student should be able to Define what is traction Undertand the principle of traction and counter-traction Know the different type of traction Describe each type of traction Know the disadvantages and complication of traction List the specific traction system and their uses LEARNING OBJECTIVES

3. TRACTION Application of pulling force to the parts of body

4. The set of mechanisms for straightening broken bones or relieving pressure on the spine and skeletal system. Applied to the limb distal to the fracture This is particularly useful for shaft fractures Pull a long bone straight and hold it out to length. Patient can  move the joints and exercise the muscles. INTRODUCTION

5. Traction is safe Speed is the problem Replaced by bracing, as soon as the fracture is ‘ sticky ’ (deformable but not displaceable), Cont.

6. Reduction of fracture and dislocation and its maintenance Immobilize stiff and painful joint Prevent deformity Correction of soft tissue contracture Relieve pressure on nerve Regain normal length and alignment of involved bone OBJECTIVE OF TRACTION

7. Counter traction must be used to achieve effective traction Counter traction is force acting opposite to traction Usually patient body weight and bed position adjustment supply the need of counter traction PRINCIPLE OF TRACTION

8. Based on mechanism

9. Based on method

10. POINT SKIN TRACTION SKELETAL TRACTION Required for Mild to moderate force Moderate to severe force Age used child Adult Applied with Adhesive strap Kwire , steinmann pin Applied on skin Bone Common use Below knee Upper tibial pin traction Weight permitted Up to 3- 4kg Up tp 20 kg Used for Short duration Long duration DIFFERENTIATING POINTS

11. Whether by skin or skeletal traction, the fracture is reduced and held in one of three ways : Fixed traction Balanced traction Combination of the two .. TRACTION RESOLUTION

12. Prolonged hospital stay (costly) Prolonged bed stay and its complication Continuous nursing care Development of contracture DISADVANTAGES

13. Circulatory embarrassment    Pin site infection    COMPLICATION

14. Traction should be comfortable Proper functioning of traction unit Traction weight not touching ground Ropes in grooves Foot end of patient not touching pulleys End of traction should not be touching pulley CARE OF PATIENT IN TRACTION

15. Terminal limb warm, normal color, normal sensation (numbness and tingling point to traction palsy) Swelling of finger and toes point to tight bandage or slip skin traction Pin tract infection (pain on tapping site of pin insertion) Proper positioning by taking check x ray in traction Cont

16. Physiotherapy of limb Careful watch on general complication of recumbency Diversion theraphy Cont.

17. Define what is traction Undertand the principle of traction and counter-traction Know the different type of traction Describe each type of traction Know the disadvantages and complication of traction List the specific traction system and their uses SUMMARY

18. Apley & Solomon’s System of Orthopaedics and Trauma 10th Edition. (2017).  Fracture and Joint Injuries , Continuous Tractions  697-698. doi:10.4324/9781315118192 Maheshwari , J. (2011). Essential Orthopaedics .  Splint and Traction , Tractions  26-28. doi:10.5005/ jp /books/12250 REFERENCES