TRAFFIC AWARENESS MODULE 2024 by SHYJAN POONCHOLA- Enforcement officer Kerala.ppsx

A presentation on Road safety Awareness in India, with stress on Statistics. Emphasis on E's of Safety.

1. TRAFFIC AWARENESS MODULE
BY
SHYJAN P.
ASSISTANT MOTOR VEHICLES INSPECTOR
MOTOR VEHICLES DEPARTMENT, KERALA

2. ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
Road traffic accidents
ONE OF THE “biggest killers”
across the world
according to WHO
More than 12.5 LAKH !!!
people
die each year on the roads

3. 3│Suicide
16.9%
Violence
10.8%
War
3.4%
Poisoning
6.7%
Falls
7.5%
Fires
6.2%
Drowning
7.3%
Road traffic injuries
22.8%
Other intentional injuries
0.2%
Other unintentional injuries
18.1%
Distribution of global injury mortality by cause
Road traffic injuries
account for 23% of all
injury deaths
worldwide
Source: WHO Global Burden of Disease project, 2002, Version 1

4. THE IRONY!!!
India -has only 1% of the
world’s vehicles
accounts for
6%of the world’s road traffic
accidents!!!
168491Deaths in 2022

5. THE REALITY
Road traffic accidents are
both
Predictable
and
Preventable

6. KERALA STATUS
2023 -Kerala's roadssaw
4,010 (4317)deaths
in 48141 (4,3910)accidents.
54369 (49307) Injuries
534 deaths due to non use of
Helmet
2 OUT OF 3 are 18-45 Yrs

7. STATISTICS –CAUSES OF
ACCIDENT DEATHS IN INDIA
2022
OVERSPEEDING 75%
RED LIGHT JUMPING 0.4%
WRONG SIDE DRIVING 5.8%
DRUNKEN DRIVING 2.5%
MOBILEPHONE USAGE 1.9%

8. STATISTICS (KERALA)-VEHICLES

10. STATISTICS (KERALA)--CAUSES

11. Causes of Road Traffic Accidents
(RTA)
Mostoftheroadusersarequitewellawareofthegeneralrules
andsafetymeasureswhileusingroadsbutitisonlythelaxityon
partofroadusers,whichcauseaccidentsandcrashes.Main
causeofaccidentsandcrashesareduetohumanerrors.Weare
elaboratingsomeofthecommonbehaviourofhumanswhich
resultsinaccident.
1.Over Speeding
2.Drunken Driving
3.Distractions to Driver
4.Red Light Jumping
5.Avoiding Safety Gears like Seat belts and Helmets
6.Non-adherence to lane driving and overtaking in a wrong
manner
Various national and international researches have found these
as most common behavior of Road drivers, which leads to
accidents.

12. Over Speeding:
Mostofthefatalaccidentsoccurduetooverspeeding.Itisa
naturalpsycheofhumanstoexcel.Ifgivenachancemanissure
toachieveinfinityinspeed.Butwhenwearesharingtheroad
withotheruserswewillalwaysremainbehindsomeorother
vehicle.Increaseinspeedmultipliestheriskofaccidentand
severityofinjuryduringaccident.Fastervehiclesaremore
pronetoaccidentthanthesloweroneandtheseverityof
accidentwillalsobemoreincaseoffastervehicles.Higher
thespeed,greatertherisk.
Forcaroccupantsinacrashwithanimpactspeedof80km/h,
thelikelihoodofdeathis20timeswhatitwouldhavebeenatan
impactspeedof30km/h.

13. Athighspeedthevehicleneedsgreaterdistancetostopi.e.brakingdistance.A
slowervehiclecomestohaltimmediatelywhilefasteronetakeslongwaytostopand
alsoskidsalongdistanceduetolawofmotion.Avehiclemovingonhighspeedwill
havegreaterimpactduringthecrashandhencewillcausemoreinjuries.
A car travelling at 50 km/h will typically require 13 metresin which to stop, while
a car travelling at 40 km/h will stop in less than 8.5 metres.
(perception, intellection, emotion,
and volition)

14. 0.0020.0040.0060.0080.00100.00120.00140.00160.00180.00200.00
DISTANCE, M
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SPEED, KMPH
STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE
Lag Distance
Braking Distance

15. The ability to judge the forthcoming events also gets
reduced while driving at faster speed which causes error in
judgment and finally a crash.

16. SPEED LIMITS -Kerala
Vehicles Near School
In Ghat
Roads
Within
Corporation/
Municipal
limits
NationalHi
ghway
State
Highway
Four
Lane
Road
All other
Places
Motor Cycle
30 45 50 60 50 70 50
Motor Car
30 45 50 85 80 90 70
Autorickshaw
30 35 30 50 50 50 40
Light motor
vehiclesother than TV
30 45 50 85 80 90 60
Light motor vehicle and
a transport vehicle
30 45 50 65 65 70 60
Medium or Heavy
Passenger Motor vehicle
30 40 40 65 65 70 60
Medium or Heavy goods
vehicle
30 40 40 65 65 65 60
Heavy goods Vehicle 30 30 40 60 60 65 40
Heavy passenger Vehicle
30 30 40 60 60 65 40

17. Drunken Driving:
Consumption of alcohol to celebrate any occasion is common.
But when mixed with driving it turns celebration into a
misfortune.

For every increase of 0.05 blood alcohol concentration, the risk
of accident doubles. Apart from alcohol many drugs, medicines
also affect the skills and concentration necessary for driving.

18. Distraction to Driver:
Though distraction while driving could be minor but it can cause
major accidents.
Distractions could be outside or inside the vehicle. The major
distraction now a days is talking on mobile phone while driving.
Act of talking on phone occupies major portion of brain and the
smaller part handles the driving skills. This division of brain
hampers reaction time and ability of judgement. This becomes
one of the reasons of crashes. One should not attend to
telephone calls while driving. If the call is urgent one should pull
out beside the road and attend the call. Some of the
distractions on road are:
1.Adjusting mirrors while driving
2.Stereo/Radio in vehicle
3.Animals on the road
4.Banners and billboards.
The driver should not be distracted due to these things and
reduce speed to remain safe during diversions and other kind of
outside distractions.

19. Red Light jumping:
It is a common sight at road intersections that vehicles cross
without caring for the light. The main motive behind Red light
jumping is saving time. The common conception is that
stopping at red signal is wastage of time and fuel. Studies have
shown that traffic signals followed properly by all drivers saves
time and commuters reach destination safely and timely. A red
light jumper not only jeopardizes his life but also the safety of
other road users. This act by one driver incites other driver to
attempt it and finally causes chaos at crossing. This chaos at
intersection is the main cause of traffic jams. Eventually
everybody gets late to their destinations. It has also been seen
that the red light jumper crosses the intersection with greater
speed to avoid crash and challan but it hampers his ability to
judge the ongoing traffic and quite often crashes.


20. Avoiding Safety Gears like seat belts and helmets:
Use of seat belt in four-wheeler is now mandatory and not
wearing seat belt invites penalty, same in the case of helmets
for two wheeler drivers. Wearing seat belts and helmet has
been brought under law after proven studies that these two
things reduce the severity of injury during accidents. Wearing
seat belts and helmets doubles the chances of survival in a
serious accident. Safety Gears keep you intact and safe in case
of accidents. Two wheeler deaths have been drastically
reduced after use of helmet has been made mandatory. One
should use safety gears of prescribed standard and tie them
properly for optimum safety.


21. Detrimental effects of traffic on environment
1. Safety 2. Noise 3. Land Consumption 4. Air Pollution 5.
Degrading the Aesthetics
How different factors of Roads contribute in Accidents:
Drivers:Over-speeding, rash driving, violation of rules, failure to
understand signs, fatigue, alcohol.
Pedestrian:Carelessness, illiteracy, crossing at wrong places
moving on carriageway, Jaywalkers.
Passengers:Projecting their body outside vehicle, by talking to
drivers, alighting and boarding vehicle from wrong side travelling
on footboards, catching a running bus etc.
Vehicles:Failure of brakes or steering, tyre burst, insufficient
headlights, overloading, projecting loads.
Road Conditions:Potholes, damaged road, eroded road
merging of rural roads with highways, diversions, illegal speed
breakers.
Weather conditions:Fog, snow, heavy rainfall, wind storms,
hail storms.

22. Direct Consequences of Accidents:
1 Fatality (Death)
2. Injury
3. Property Damage

23. The least we can do
Educate ourselves
◦4 E’s OF SAFETY
◦ENGINEERING
◦EDUCATION
◦ENTERPRISING
◦ENFORCEMENT

24. IMPORTANCE OF ENFORCEMENT IN
ROAD SAFETY

26. Safety
Pedestrians –Golden rule –Keep
Right
Drivers –Keep left
KNOW YOUR ROAD
◦ROAD MARKINGS
◦ROAD SIGNS
MANDATORY
CAUTIONARY
INFORMATORY
◦TRAFFIC SIGNALS

27. Importance of Lane Discipline
When Driving
Roadlanesareamongthemostuseful
toolsforthesmoothflowoftraffic.They
helpthevarioustypesoftrafficstay
withtheirkindreducingthechanceof
riskandincreasingthedriving
efficiencyofthevehicles.Stayingin
yourlaneisoneoftheimportantrules
thatyouneedtoremembermuchlike
wearingyourseatbelts.

29. Which Lane to Use?
Youmayhavealwaysconsideredthe
leftandrightlanestobeslowandfast.
Ifthatisthecase,getitoutofyour
headassoonaspossible!
Theleftlaneisthedefaultlane,which
youshouldalwaysuseunlessyouare
turningrightorthereisroadsignage
indicatingotherwise.Intheright-hand
lane,youshouldovertakeandturn
right.

30. Reasons to follow lane discipline while
Driving
1.Helpsyoustaywithinyourspeed
limits
Lanesaregenerallymadeontheroad
todividethetrafficintotwomajor
groups,high-speedvehicles,andslow-
movingvehicles.Eachtypeofvehicle
isassignedalaneontheroad.Mostly,
leftroadlanesaredesignatedforslow-
movingvehiclesincludingpublic
transportation.

31. High-movingvehiclesmuststayintheir
lanetomaintaintheirspeed.Ifone
typeofvehicletriestoenterthelaneof
theothertype,itwouldnotonlyslow
theoveralltrafficbutalsocausea
trafficjaminsomecases.Thatiswhy,
forasmoothflowoftraffic,allvehicles
mustfollowlanediscipline.

32. 2-Helps Avoid Accidents
The risk of being in an accident
significantly increases if a person keeps
on switching their lane while driving.
This makes the person driving behind
them unsure of their next move and
may collide with them. It can be avoided
by maintaining the lane discipline and
only change the lane when it is
necessary.

33. 3-Better Emergency Vehicle Movement
One of the key features of the distance
between two lanes is to provide a safe
space for emergency vehicles to move
between the lanes quickly. Even in case
of a traffic jam, if proper lane discipline
is maintained, all the emergency
vehicles can move easily in the space
between the two lanes. It could be the
difference in saving someone’s life.

34. 4-Helps Avoid Traffic Jams
Abiding by the lane discipline is the
perfect way to make sure a smooth flow
of traffic on the road. That smooth flow
can be disturbed in case a vehicle tries to
drive between the lanes. It starts with one
vehicle violating the lane discipline and
soon after that, there is a traffic jam.
In some cases, the vehicles get in the
lane designated for turning just to drive
faster can cause a massive traffic jam. A
single vehicle out of its place can cause a
huge waste of time for a lot of people.

35. 5-MaintainBetterTrafficFlow
Lanedisciplineisoneofthemost
importantitemsforabetterflowof
traffic.Ifthevehiclesstaywithintheir
speedlimitlane,theneachvehicle
couldmovefreelywithouthavingto
applybreaksaftereveryfewseconds.
Similarly,avehiclenotplanningtoturn
butpresentintheturninglanecould
alsodisrupttheflowoftraffic.

36. DRIVER SAFETY
KNOW YOUR VEHICLE
FEATURES, MECHANISM, LIMITATIONS etc.
USE SAFETY MEASURES
HELMET, SEAT BELT, AIR BAGS -WHY
AVOID FCTORS AFFECTING SAFETY
OVERSPEED, OVERLOAD, PROJECTIONS,
ALTERATIONS
KNOW THE LAWS
RECORDS