Types of Speeches

Oral Communication: Types of Speeches
-Types of Speeches According to Purpose
-Types of Speeches According to Manner of Delivery
-Principles of Speech Writing
-Principles of Speech Delivery

1. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. TYPES OF SPEECHES

2. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. LESSON 14: TYPES OF SPEECHES ACCORDING TO PURPOSE

3. MOTIVATION Have you seen and heard someone delivering a speech? Have you experienced delivering one?

4. SPEECH Refers to a formal address or discourse delivered in front of an audience. It exemplifies the speech context of public communication .

5. TYPES OF SPEECHES ACCORDING TO PURPOSE A speaker delivers a speech based on the purpose he or she wants to achieve. These purposes are called the goals of speech .

6. INFORMATIVE SPEECH Also known as expository speech It has the purpose of providing information , history , theories , practical applications , and etc. that the can help the listeners understand something unknown or not clearly understood to them.

7. INFORMATIVE SPEECH Helps audience to understand the topic in a more in-depth manner by providing the following in an organized way: new data , data that are not readily available to everyone , or data already known by the audience but looked in a different way .

8. EXAMPLES: “Learning Loss and Its Consequences” “History of Information and Communication Technology in the Philippines” Orientation for senior high school students

9. PERSUASIVE SPEECH Its purpose is to change the listeners’ opinion , attitude , or belief regarding a certain topic by providing materials that can or will help convince the listener.

10. PERSUASIVE SPEECH Must be supported by evidences such as statistics , experts’ testimonies , and cause and effect .

11. EXAMPLES: “Save Earth, Save Humanity” “Why Should Divorce be Legalized?” Sales pitch in a direct selling company

12. ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH Its purpose is mainly to make the audience smile or feel lighthearted after the speech. Usually elicit laughter from the audience

13. ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH Must lead the audience into looking at something familiar in a different and humorous light

14. ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH Comparisons and contrasts, especially with something strange or unusual Highlighting quirks of well-known personages and applying them to regular people

15. ENTERTAINMENT SPEECH Assigning human characteristics to inanimate objects Word play and puns Giving funny meanings to words, acronyms, and anagrams

16. EXAMPLES: After-dinner speech “Different Types of Teachers” “The Reasons Why I Am Single”

17. GUIDELINES: Message must be prepared at the level of knowledge of the speaker. It must be tailored to fit the level of knowledge of the audience. It must respect socio-cultural backgrounds.

18. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. LESSON 15: TYPES OF SPEECHES ACCORDING TO MANNER OF DELIVERY

19. TYPES OF SPEECHES ACCORDING TO MANNER OF DELIVERY Speech can be classified based on the manner of delivery or the way the speech is given before an audience.

20. MANUSCRIPT SPEECH refers to an address or discourse wherein the speaker prepares a written speech and reads it in front of an audience.

21. MANUSCRIPT SPEECH This type of speech happens when the speaker cannot afford to commit any mistake or when the script has to be read exactly as written. Usually in formal speech context

22. MANUSCRIPT SPEECH State Of the Nation Address (SONA) Plenary speech Presentation of scientific papers in conferences

23. TIPS IN DELIVERING A MANUSCRIPT SPEECH Maintain a conversational tone Periodically look at your audience Use words that can be understood by the audience

24. TIPS IN DELIVERING A MANUSCRIPT SPEECH Read or speak with emotion and try to act with spontaneity Highlight key words in the manuscript and emphasize them during the speech

25. MEMORIZED SPEECH refers to an address or discourse wherein the speech is committed to memory and is word-for-word recited from memory.

26. MEMORIZED SPEECH Usually sounds mechanical and is seldom recommended The most common problem is forgetting the lines . As a speaker this problem should be addressed very quickly or without letting the audience notice it.

27. MEMORIZED SPEECH Oratorical contests require contestants to memorize their speech thoroughly.

28. TIPS IN DELIVERING A MEMORIZED SPEECH Add expression in your voice . Have a direct eye contact with the audience. Try to show act with spontaneity .

29. IMPROMPTU SPEECH A speech delivered with little or no preparation and is neither written nor rehearsed Usually about something one already knew or experienced

30. IMPROMPTU SPEECH Most wedding toasts are impromptu. Short birthday speech or message for the celebrant Usually in an impromptu speech, the speaker is asked to answer a question.

31. TIPS IN DELIVERING AN IMPROMPTU SPEECH Speech is short but has an introduction , body , and conclusion . Say only what is relevant . Organize your thoughts even with little preparation.

32. EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH Refers to speaking from an outline of ideas written on a note card or small sheet of paper.

33. EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH The speaker is given enough time to prepare the outline of one’s speech unlike an impromptu speech with little or no preparation.

34. TIPS IN DELIVERING AN EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH Do some research. Have enough practice delivering the speech to gain self-confidence.

35. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. QUIZ ON TYPE OF SPEECHES

36. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. LESSON 16: PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING

37. MOTIVATION ”Before anything else, preparation is the key to success.” –Alexander Graham Bell. In communication, how should one prepare a speech?

38. PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING Choosing the Topic Analyzing the Audience Sourcing the Information Outlining and Organizing the Speech Content

39. FIRST PRINCIPLE : CHOOSING THE TOPIC Timely Interesting New Controversial

40. FIRST PRINCIPLE : CHOOSING THE TOPIC Be mindful of culture, gender, age, social status, and religion when choosing a topic. It is a good advice to choose a topic that is in the speaker’s and audience’s level of knowledge.

41. SECOND PRINCIPLE : ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE Get or guess the demographic data of the audience

42. SECOND PRINCIPLE : ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE Know the groups to which your audience belongs Find out how your audience feels about the topic (supportive, wavering, or hostile audience)

43. SECOND PRINCIPLE : ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE Find out how the audience feels about you. The content and the language of one’s speech will be greatly affected of one’s audience.

44. THIRD PRINCIPLE : SOURCING THE INFORMATION Seeking out the available means for finding materials to support the speech .

45. THIRD PRINCIPLE : SOURCING THE INFORMATION Primary Sources -immediate, first hand-account of a topic such as documents, recording, interview, and survey. Secondary Sources -sources with accounts that are then, interpreted and analyzed such as newspapers, and textbooks.

46. THIRD PRINCIPLE : SOURCING THE INFORMATION Tip: When sourcing information, site globally acclaimed organizations , foundations, and agencies e.g. United Nations (particularly UNICEF, UNESCO, and etc.), OECD, and etc.; and nationally recognized agencies and departments in the Philippines.

47. THIRD PRINCIPLE : SOURCING THE INFORMATION Honest Reliable Relevant Timely Novelty

48. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : OUTLINING AND ORGANIZING THE SPEECH CONTENT Start with the key points that you want your audience to remember. Highlight the most important part of your speech by giving a thesis statement and providing supporting details.

49. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : OUTLINING AND ORGANIZING THE SPEECH CONTENT Sort the information and organize the speech itself. If it is a narrative speech, consider arranging the events in chronological outline.

50. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : OUTLINING AND ORGANIZING THE SPEECH CONTENT If it is a motivational speech, try using a problem-solution pattern. Chronological outline, spatial or geographical outline, cause and effect outline, problem-solution outline, and topical outline

51. TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING THE SPEECH Writing the body of the speech first Writing the introduction of the speech first In an extemporaneous speech, only an introduction or conclusion can be written in full. The body is in outline form .

52. TECHNIQUES FOR WRITING THE SPEECH The speech, as written, should flow logically from one point to another. This logical progression makes it easy for the speaker to deliver the speech in full form like the manuscript or memorized speeches or in outline form like the impromptu or extemporaneous speeches.

53. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. LESSON 16: PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH DELIVERY

54. MOTIVATION A speech that is never delivered is useless. Writing is just half the communication process.

55. FIRST PRINCIPLE : ARTICULATION Speaking with clear and distinct sounds Correct way of saying and pronouncing words

56. FIRST PRINCIPLE : ARTICULATION Proper breathing techniques together with the correct molding of sounds that make up words contribute to efficient articulation.

57. ARTICULATENESS PRACTICE I am a Filipino – inheritor of a glorious past, hostage to the uncertain future. As such, I must prove equal to a two-fold task – the task of meeting my responsibility to the past and the task of performing my obligation to the future.

58. SECOND PRINCIPLE : MODULATION Pertains to adjusting or manipulating the resonance and timbre of one’s voice as one speaks Modulating your voice catches your listeners’ interest and attention.

59. SECOND PRINCIPLE : MODULATION High pitch sounds more exciting and engaging. It is used when referring for action, excitement, or passion.

60. SECOND PRINCIPLE : MODULATION Low pitch conveys authority and very serious tone of voice. It conveys confidence.

61. SECOND PRINCIPLE : MODULATION Fast pace sounds more exciting and engaging but must be clear (not very fast). It conveys energy and enthusiasm.

62. SECOND PRINCIPLE : MODULATION Slow pace emphasizes an idea or concept and makes it land powerfully in the ease of the listeners. It is used for tricky and complicated statements.

63. SECOND PRINCIPLE : MODULATION Adjust your modulation based on the communicative situation. For example, considering how one will modulate one’s voice when speaking with a microphone.

64. MODULATION PRACTICE Across the centuries the memory comes rushing back to me: of brown-skinned men putting out to sea in ships that were as frail as their hearts were stout. Over the sea I see them come, borne upon the billowing wave and the whistling wind, carried upon the mighty swell of hope–hope in the free abundance of new land that was to be their home and their children’s forever.

65. THIRD PRINCIPLE : STAGE PRESENCE Refers to the speaker’s ability to “own” the stage , fill the space , and project his or her personality to the audience .

66. THIRD PRINCIPLE : STAGE PRESENCE Overcoming stage fright , the opposite of stage presence No one is immune from stage fright. Other people just manage it better and create what we see as stage presence.

67. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, GESTURES, AND MOVEMENT Nonverbal communication reinforces, clarifies, and complements the message of any speech.

68. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, GESTURES, AND MOVEMENT Facial expressions should change with the content of the speech being delivered.

69. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, GESTURES, AND MOVEMENT Gestures should emphasize only certain points.

70. FOURTH PRINCIPLE : FACIAL EXPRESSIONS, GESTURES, AND MOVEMENT Movement should allow the speaker to carry the speech around, forward, and to the audience, metaphorically speaking. It should also the direct the audience to follow the speaker and keep them hanging on his/her every word.

71. FIFTH PRINCIPLE : AUDIENCE RAPPORT Connecting with the audience at a deeper level Delivering a speech that appeals to the audience

72. ORAL COMMUNICATION Lance Campano Prepared by Course Subject Description: The development of listening and speaking skills and strategies for effective communication in various situations. QUIZ ON PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH WRITING AND DELIVERY