unit 6. HEALTH EDUCATION by sir mehmood ahmed.ppt

Health education CHN

1. HEALTH EDUCATION
MEHMOOD AHMED
NURSING INSTRUCTOR
GENERIC BSN YEAR 1 SEMESTER II
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
UNIT VI HEALTH EDUCATION
KGH SCHOOL OF NURSING

2. OBJECTIVES
At the end of this presentation the students will be able to:
Define these terms:
teaching
learning
health education
Explain the purpose and goal of health education
Discuss principles of teaching learning.
Describe various strategies, which can be used to deliver health education.
Develop a teaching Plan and conduct mock health session on a selected topic.

3. HEALTH EDUCATION
Health education is planned attempt to change what people think, feel and do, with a goal of
promoting higher level of health. It increases the awareness and favorably influences the
attitudes and knowledge relating to the improvement of health on a personal or community
basis. It is a process that informs, motivates and help people to adopt and maintain healthy
practices and lifestyles, advocates environmental changes as needed to facilitate this goal and
conducts professional training and research to the same end.

4. Learning
It is a process of the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or
being taught. It is a process resulting in some modification relatively permanent of
thinking, feeling, doing of the learners. Learning involves the entire person and it can
effect the person’s life style methods of handling problems attitude and knowledge.
To learn requires energy and the ability to concentrate.
Cognitive: knowledge
Psychomotor: skills
Affective : emotions ideas attitude
Teaching
Teaching is a system of activities intend to produce learning. Teaching is an
interaction between teacher and learner under the teacher's responsibility in order to
bring about expected changes in the learner’s behavior. Teaching is the process of
attending to people’s needs, experiences and feelings, and making specific
interventions to help them learn particular things. Teaching Is the process of carrying
out those activities that experience has shown to be effective in getting students to
learn.

5. PURPOSE OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Develop a sense of responsibility for improvement of their health as individual members of
the family and communities.
It help to acquire, retain and be able to use knowledge ,Understand, analyze, synthesize and
evaluate. It also help to achieve skills and establish habits and develop attitudes
By the help of health education we inform people , motivate people ,Guiding and helping
them into action .It produce positive behavior changes in individuals and communities. It is
a tool which enables people to take more control over their own health and over the factors
which affect their health
It helps people understand that health is the most valuable community asset; and to help
them achieve health by their own activities and efforts.
It work for developing scientific knowledge, attitude, skills on health matters to enable
people to develop correct habits. To alter behavior which may have direct or indirect
influence on spread of disease.
Educate people for proper use of health services. To create in him an interest in his and of
other family members health and well being. To create in him a desire to support Health
Education Program in his area

6. ROLE OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Health education is one of the 8 elements but it is important strategy in all these,
especially in Maternal and child health and child care. According to PHC
approach, education should be a process which enables people to:
Define their own problems and needs?
To understand what they can do about these ?
Which problems and needs with the available resources?
Decide on the appropriate action?

7. NINTH FIVE YEAR PLAN 1998-2003 OF PAKISTAN
PLAN 2003-2013
Objective of these plans :
Public education and awareness should be increased regarding the role of lifestyles
and behavioral choices and in prevention, causations and management of
communicable and non communicable diseases, including trauma and mental illness.
Schools
Child to child education, Health festivals
Special health days
Celebration of highlighted important dates with health issues
such as World Diabetes Day, Polio Eradication, Mental Health Day

8. THREE LEVELS OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Primary education prevent occurrence of any health problems in order to maintain
the quality of life. Educating a patient about balanced and fiber diet who has high
risk of Diabetes
Secondary education prevent complications, limit disability in case of presence of
a reversible health problem and to help client cope with the situation. Help to adjust
habits in case of Diabetes
Tertiary education Restore of the maximum level of function and health status
when the problem is irreversible. adjust eating habits to ensure maximum health and
minimum complications of diabetes like neuropathy.

9. ADVANTAGES OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Maintenance of present health
Reduces risks and medication errors
Recognition of early onset of signs and symptoms
Disseminate information
Ensure safety & security
Promotion of health
Prevention of complications
Rehabilitation

10. BEFORE PLANNING FOR HEALTH EDUCATION
These questions must be clear by self
What is the problem?
Who are my learners?
What do I want them to be able to do and know?
Where and for how long will teaching take place?
What methods will be used?
What visual aids will be used?
How will I know that how effective the teaching was?

11. STEPS OF HEALTH EDUCATION
Firstly Meet, greet and introduce yourself, develop rapport and understanding with
clients than share your visit objectives with them.
Secondly meetings at suitable time, develop trust & working relation, get
awareness about the language, customs, values, beliefs and habits of community
and asses knowledge and practices of community.
Identify and list the health problems, Environmental problems, social & cultural
problems & economical problems.
Discuss and prioritize health problems with primary health centers staff.
Develop Teaching Plan and Conduct teaching session
Feedback & Follow up, Reassess and restart.

12. Assessment
Collect, categorize and sort data to identify the problem list
Planning
Negotiation of learning goals b/w nurse & client to develop teaching plan for
priority learning need
Implementation:
Design plan to meet learning needs of clients and implement it
Evaluation
Gather information to define extent of learning to
evaluate accomplishment of goals

13. Preschool Simple language, games, songs, demonstration
School–age Language varies with grade level and cognitive
ability with interactive session.
Adolescent Cooperative learning, problem-based learning,
discussion, demonstration.
Adult Lecture, discussion, demonstration and role
play.
Senior Lecture, discussion, demonstration, and role
plays with respect to mental levels.

14. TEACHING METHODOLOGIES
ANDRAGOGY
It is the self directed learning. The art and science of helping adults to learn. It refers to learner-
focused education. Their characteristics are Self concept, Self-directed personality, Past life
experience, knowledge & time perspective, Readiness and internal motivation and incentives
are more important for andragogy.
PEDAGOGY
the art and science of educating children. It is a teacher-focused learning. Their characteristics
are that in which teacher directed who assume learner knows nothing, Learner is a dependent
personality, It is considered to be a traditional type of teaching, Here external rewards and
punishments are motivators.

15. Teaching methods /strategies
Role plays
Case studies
Lecture method
Group discussions
Panel discussions
Story telling
Trip or tour
Demonstration
Use of Audio-visual aids

16. Teaching aids
Flash card games
Puzzles games
Pictures
chalk board
Magic board
Flip Charts
Posters
Models
Photos
Drawings

19. PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING AND LEARNING
All learners can learn much high standards regardless of their race, ethnicity,
family, income, gender, etc. All learners do not learn in the same way or at the same
pace. All learners will learn. Learning is not limited to school. It can happen
anywhere
Consider learning process:
Do not teach unless the student wants to learn
Interest:
Find real or felt needs, create self-awareness
Participation:
Ensure active participation of learners
Known to unknown:
Start with what already is known to community

20. Comprehension
Ensure understanding of content, use language people know. Are they literate?
Are they able to interpretative visual aids?
Reinforcement
Repetition is needed as a booster dose
Motivation
Primary and secondary motives-latter include praise and love, rewards and
punishment, recognition are important to facilitate learning.
Learning by doing
Use different learning styles, to facilitate the learning.
Know the customs, habits, need etc.
Use truthful health facts. Attractive and acceptable media to get active
participation by learners.
Good human relationships
To create better learning atmosphere; Build rapport to convince leaders “agents of
change "for bringing change through health education.

22. Situation analysis: _____________________
Assessment/ data collection: _____________
Patient/ client data:_____________________
Subjective data: _______________________
Objective data: _______________________
Socio economic status: __________________
Assessment analysis: ___________________
Nursing diagnosis: example: knowledge deficit

24. IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHING PLAN
Design teaching based on assessments of individual clients
Create a learning environment
Keep things simple
Focus on one issue at a time
Be sure written materials are appropriate
Be specific
Avoid threatening message that generate fear
Explain what you will be teaching and why it is important
Develop mechanisms for support
Discuss resources for further information
Review major points of each learning session
Keep learners involved
Ask for feedback and evaluation.

25. REFERENCES
Slam. A (2002). Health sector reforms in Pakistan
World health organization (WHO, 1990)
Kozier, B., Erb, G. & Oliveri, R. (1991) Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts Process. and
Practice. (4th ed.) St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book.
Basavanthappa, B.T. (2006). Community Health NursingNew Delhi: Jaypee Brothers.
http://www.theteachersguide.com
https://www.realinfluencers.es/en/2019/05/09/8-21st-century-methodologies/
https://thepeakperformancecenter.com/educational-learning/learning/process/domains-of-
learning/affective-domain/