UNIT 6.pptxeyeufuveuduwucyeyvywuvuwuvueuvusy u

https://event.webinarjam.com/go/replay/19/494xnsot78tglt6

1. UNIT 6 Industrial Safety Foundations of Mechanical Engineering (FME) 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 1

2. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 2 Content Concept of safety Safety according to type of organization Safety equipment Types of safety system Hazards and types of hazards Safety acts and norms, Roles and responsibilities of safety officer Safety audit and its parameters Security of computer and networking.

3. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 3 Concept of Safety Safety is an important component of creating a positive and healthy workplace. Businesses and professionals can help improve workplace safety by learning more about potential risk hazards. Understanding the various safety hazards that employees may encounter can help you design a safety plan and prevent accidents in the workplace.

4. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 4 Work Safety Hazards Work safety hazards are risks that may be encountered in the workplace, and they vary depending on the industry and project. According to the Occupation Safety and Health Association (OSHA), a hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone. For example, professionals in construction and manufacturing may have hazards related to machinery, while landscapers face hazards related to working outdoors. Risks can exist in almost any work environment but learning about them can help control or eliminate safety hazards. With careful planning and training, you can help prevent accidents and increase workplace safety.

5. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 5 Importance of Safety There can be risks in almost any career so businesses and professionals need to learn about potential hazards in their field so they can create a safety plan. Companies conduct Hazard assessments of work environments and equipment to help build an effective plan. Identifying potential risks can help provide a safe work environment. For example, in fields involving chemicals, employees can learn about the potential hazards of each chemical and train to handle these materials. They can also learn more about protective gear to help reduce potential accidents.

6. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 6 Work Safety Hazards Chemical Hazards Physical/Environmental Hazards Ergonomics Hazards Biological Hazards Work Organization Hazards Types of Safety Hazards

7. 1. Work Safety Hazards 7 Work safety hazards are the most common workplace or work environment risks. They also can be specific to certain roles. For example, a construction professional may work with specialized machinery, creating unique safety concerns for that role. a. Spills: Spills can occur in any workplace so it's important to create a plan to prevent falls after a spill. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can put out a caution sign to alert others so they should avoid the area. b. Obstacles: Tripping hazards occur when obstacles are in your path. They include blocked aisles, cords on the floor or poor equipment placement. To decrease the likelihood of a pill hazard, your company can create floor layouts and protocols to place objects where they pose the least threat of obstruction. Cords can be moved or covered to reduce tripping risk. You can also clearly mark stairs and steps using signs, floor paint and symbols. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

8. 1. Work Safety Hazards 8 c. Heights: This hazard is more common in roles like painters or roofers that involve high elevations. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can provide training for professionals who work on ladders, roofs or scaffolds to help keep them safe in high places. Continuous awareness and attention to safety procedures can help prevent incidents while working at different heights. d. Machines: Some professionals work with machines or equipment with moving parts like fork lifts, farming equipment or excavators. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can provide training and updated safety standards to reduce their risk of contact. e. Tools: Professionals may work with tools such as chainsaws, electrical equipment or hammers that may pose safety hazards. Teaching them how to use these tools properly can help create a safer environment. f. Electricity: Electrical hazards may be caused by frayed cords, missing ground pins, improper wiring or contact with live wires. Only qualified workers should operate near live electrical equipment. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you may require professionals to receive training and complete certification programs to be aware of these hazards. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

9. 2. Chemical Hazards 9 Chemical hazards occur when a professional is exposed to chemicals in either solid, liquid or gas form. This includes those who prepare, ship, manufacture, package or handle chemical products. OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard requires facilities to keep an inventory of all products. Some chemicals are safer than others, but those exposed may react differently depending on the length of exposure and their chemical sensitivity. Liquids like cleaning products, paints, acids and solvents Vapours , fumes and dust from welding, asbestos, exposure to solvents or dust from interior construction Gases like acetylene, propane, carbon monoxide and helium Flammable materials and fumes like gasoline, solvents and explosive chemicals Pesticides that can be sprayed, applied or ingested School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

10. 3. Physical/Environmental Hazards 10 Physical or environmental hazards are risks from within the environment that can harm your body without necessarily touching it. These hazards occur more frequently in certain industries. For example, professionals who work outside may experience more weather-related exposure. a. Noise: Exposure to loud noises can be a risk in industries such as construction or manufacturing, where employees work with loud machinery. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can provide protective gear like earplugs and headphones to help reduce this risk. b. Temperature: Some people like landscapers, roofers and delivery drivers may work in extremely cold or hot temperatures. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you may create training programs to help professionals recognize the signs of exposure, dehydration and heatstroke. c. Lighting: Low lighting or direct sunlight can be a workplace risk. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, your company can evaluate its lighting systems and windows to ensure professionals have proper lighting levels to perform their tasks. d. Radiation: In certain work environments, professionals may be at risk of radiation exposure. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can reduce their risk by providing training, protective gear and radiation-detecting badges and instruments. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

11. 4. Ergonomic Hazards 11 Ergonomic hazards can occur with physical motion or repetitive movements that put a strain on your body. Professionals can damage muscles, nerves, ligaments and tendons by performing the same motion repeatedly. This type of hazard is the hardest to anticipate since the risk may increase over time and use. Lifting: Repetitive or heavy lifting can be a workplace hazard. Sitting: Sitting for a long time, such as at a computer or desk, can become an ergonomic risk. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can teach professionals how to stretch properly and take breaks to reduce this risk. Your company may consider providing standing desks or scheduled movement breaks. Posture: Poor posture can result from actions like stooping over an assembly line, poor posture while using a computer or standing too long. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can provide ergonomic chairs and workstations to help team members maintain a healthy posture at work. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

12. 5. Biological Hazards 12 Biological hazards are safety concerns associated with working with animals, people or infectious plant materials. These are more common in certain industries such as healthcare, education, emergency response, waste control and research, and teaching. Plant and insects: Professionals who work outside, such as biologists and lands likelihood capers, may encounter poisonous plants, stinging insects or biting reptiles. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can provide training and education programs to help employees know what to do in dangerous situations. Blood and bodily fluids: Certain roles, such as those in health care, child care, or veterinary care, may expose employees to bodily fluids. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, you can train them to learn the best practices for handling these materials safely. Companies can provide professionals with protective clothing and respiratory equipment safely to reduce contamination. Thoroughly washing exposed body parts can also help protect against infection. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

13. 5. Biological Hazards 13 c. Communicable diseases: As with blood and bodily fluids, certain fields may expose professionals to bacteria and viruses that are airborne or communicable. To decrease the likelihood of a spill hazard, companies can provide professionals with protective clothing and respiratory equipment to help reduce contamination. d. Fungi and mold: Professionals may be exposed to fungi and mold in health care, home renovations, demolition or other fields. To reduce risks, for example, from mold, you might institute mandatory training to identify mold and fungi and what to do when it’s spotted. Protective clothing and respiratory equipment can help reduce exposure. e. Animal and bird droppings: Professionals exposed to these hazards may experience breathing difficulties or other symptoms. You can provide them with training, protective clothing and respiratory equipment to help reduce contamination. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

14. 6. Work Organization Hazards 14 Professionals can be impacted by hazards or stressors that cause stress (short-term effects) and strain (long-term effects). These hazards are associated with workplace issues such as workload, lack of control, negative culture, discrimination, etc. Workload demands Workplace violence Lack of respect Lack of control Harassment Discrimination Each hazard has the potential to impact others’ mental and physical health. Steps you can take to help reduce these risks include awareness programs, training, and open communication and feedback. If necessary, disciplinary measures may be required to protect others in your workplace. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

15. Roles and Responsibilities of Safety Officer 15 Who is the Safety Officer The safety officer is an internal employee who is assigned to prevent accidents, respond to emergencies and evaluate the effectiveness of the company’s safety programs. A safety officer identifies safety hazards, investigates them thoroughly, and controls them before someone gets hurt. The safety officer is the ‘head’ of the safety department and, in most organizations, reports to the Chief Operations Officer. The safety officer also checks if the safety program is working effectively and efficiently to meet all requirements of the OSHA standards. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

16. Roles and Responsibilities of Safety Officer 16 Duties of Safety Officer To coordinate and involve in the development of effective health and safety policy To be involved in the development of risk assessment and a safe system of work To develop and update the emergency procedures and to conduct regular mock drill To provide a convincing argument to the management to allot necessary resources to the health and safety To involve in day-to-day activities and to take required actions. Safety Engineer Responsibilities Safety engineer has to manage the safety officers in their respective departments They should be involved in hazop (Hazard and Operability Study) Safety engineer have to collect all the data from the safety officer and compile them and to prepare a consolidated report Safety engineer has to coordinate directly with the management regarding any critical health and safety issues Safety engineer should take an active part in the development of behavior based safety and take an active participation in the safety committee meetings School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

17. Roles and Responsibilities of Safety Officer 17 a) A leading safety officer must start to identifying Hazards in the Workplace as like few are below.  Work Safety Hazards Chemical Hazards Physical/Environmental Hazards Ergonomics Hazards Biological Hazards Work Organization Hazards b) Communicating Hazards prevailing in their respective Workplace. c) Initiating the counter Measures to control the Hazards to an Acceptable Level by initiating the following 3 Measures. 1.Engineering. 2.Administrative Control. 3.PPE . d) Initiating various Kind of Trainings to the employees. 1.Induction Training. 2.Job Specific Training. 3.Specalists Training. 4.Refresher Training. 5.Manager & Supervisor Training. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

18. Roles and Responsibilities of Safety Officer 18 e) Performing Safety Inspection at the Work place to identify the unsafe Act and Unsafe Conditions. To change the People’s Negative attitude by the way of Training on Behavioral Safety. f) Recognizing &  Awarding the Positive Attitude employees on Safety. g) Conducting  investigations on Near Misses, Incidents and Accidents and identifying Root causes to prevent the Recurrences. h) Carrying out the Audit to make the Procedures ,Permits in line with the Legal Standards. i ) Liasoning with the Government Agencies like Director of Industrial Safety , Fire Departments and Pollution Control Boards. j) Conducting Risk Assessments for various Activities before launching of any Work. k) Conducting Tool Box Talk for the employees in a Phased Manner for all sections of the organization. l) Conducting HAZOP Study for New Launching Projects before implementing into the Plant Scale. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

19. Roles and Responsibilities of Safety Officer 19 m) Preparing Onsite Emergency Plan to Prepare to combat  any kind of untoward eventuality within the organization premises. n) Preparing Off site Emergency Plan to Prepare to  combat  any kind of untoward eventuality beyond the organization Premises. o) Involving in the process of   preparing Safety Policy and communicating to all employees by various means of communication. p) Involving in the Process of Selecting the contractors and coordinating with them before start up the work and during the execution work. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

20. Safety Audit 20 SAFETY AUDIT A safety audit is a general term used to describe an activity where a facility gathers information about one or more aspects of the workplace in order to evaluate the risk levels for health or safety issues. During this audit one or more people will gather data related to the efficiency, reliability, and effectiveness of their health and safety systems. When done properly, a safety audit will help determine if a company's day to day activities are in conformity with their safety efforts. This means a safety audit is typically only done after a safety plan for the facility is already in place. A safety audit can, however, be used as part of the process in the creation of a full safety plan for a facility. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune

21. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 21 Why Are Safety Audits Done? Safety audits are performed for a variety of reasons. Each company will have their own specific list of reasons for completing a safety audit. The following are just a few of the most common reasons: Legislative Requirements - There are many local, state, and federal laws in place that require facilities meet certain safety standards. A safety audit can help ensure those standards are met. Safety Concern - Keeping employees and the workplace safe is ethically very important. Injuries - If someone has been injured in a specific area of the workplace, it is often necessary to perform a safety audit of that area to determine whether the injury was a one-time occurrence or there is a risk of it happening to someone else. Bottom Line - While safety improvement in the workplace is often looked at as an expenditure, in the long run it can positively improve a company's bottom line. Safety Culture - Employers that want to promote a safety-focused culture need to set the tone by engaging in safety-related activities such as a safety audit. Safety Audit

22. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 22 Computer network security consists of measures taken by business or some organizations to monitor and prevent unauthorized access from the outside attackers. Different approaches to computer network security management have different requirements depending on the size of the computer network. For example, a home office requires basic network security while large businesses require high maintenance to prevent the network from malicious attacks. Network Administrator controls access to the data and software on the network. A network administrator assigns the user ID and password to the authorized person. Computer Network Security

23. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 23 Aspects of Network Security Privacy: Privacy means both the sender and the receiver expects confidentiality. The transmitted message should be sent only to the intended receiver while the message should be opaque for other users. Only the sender and receiver should be able to understand the transmitted message as eavesdroppers can intercept the message. Therefore, there is a requirement to encrypt the message so that the message cannot be intercepted. This aspect of confidentiality is commonly used to achieve secure communication. Message Integrity: Data integrity means that the data must arrive at the receiver exactly as it was sent. There must be no changes in the data content during transmission, either maliciously or accident, in a transit. As there are more and more monetary exchanges over the internet, data integrity is more crucial. The data integrity must be preserved for secure communication. End-point authentication: Authentication means that the receiver is sure of the senders identity, i.e., no imposter has sent the message. Non-Repudiation: Non-Repudiation means that the receiver must be able to prove that the received message has come from a specific sender. The sender must not deny sending a message that he or she send. The burden of proving the identity comes on the receiver. For example, if a customer sends a request to transfer the money from one account to another account, then the bank must have a proof that the customer has requested for the transaction. Computer Network Security

24. 4/15/2024 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Sciences, FST, JSPM University Pune 24 Thank You