UNIT - XII PERSONAL MANAGEMENT- Emotional intelligence , Resilience building, Stress and de stressing, Time management, Career planning .pptx

UNIT XII – PERSONAL MANAGEMENT

Subject: Nursing Management & Leadership
Semester: VI
Author: Mr. Pradeep Abothu, PhD Scholar, Dept. of Child Health Nursing, ASRAM College of Nursing

Inside the Unit:

Emotional Intelligence

Resilience Building

Stress and Destressing

Time Management

Career Planning

Introduction

Personal management is the process of effectively organizing one’s behavior, emotions, and resources to achieve personal and professional balance. It emphasizes self-regulation and growth to maintain well-being and achieve long-term success.

Definition: Developing self-awareness, regulating behavior, and using resources effectively for personal and professional goals.

Importance:

Enhances self-awareness

Improves emotional balance

Boosts productivity

Supports stress control

Strengthens decision-making

Guides career development

Promotes overall well-being

Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Definition: Ability to perceive, assess, and manage emotions in oneself and others.

Components (Daniel Goleman):

Self-Recognition (Self-awareness): Understanding own emotions, values, strengths, and weaknesses.

Self-Regulation (Self-management): Discipline, confidence, emotion control, accepting uncontrollable situations.

Social Recognition (Social Awareness): Cultural awareness, empathy, understanding social cues.

Relationship Regulation (Relationship Management): Conflict management, motivation, communication, teamwork.

Applications:

Healthcare: Patient care, therapeutic communication, teamwork

Education: Understanding learners, classroom management

Management: Leadership, decision-making, organizational culture

Resilience Building

Definition: Ability to adapt, recover, and grow stronger after adversity.

Strategies:

Optimism, self-belief, emotional awareness

Flexibility and adaptability

Problem-solving skills

Social support and humor

A-B-C Model of Resilience (Albert Ellis):

A: Adversity – Activating event

B: Beliefs – Rational vs. irrational interpretations

C: Consequences – Emotional/behavioral outcomes

D: Dispute – Challenge negative beliefs

E: Exchange – Replace irrational beliefs with rational ones

F: Feelings – Positive emotions arise from rational beliefs

Importance: Enhances mental health, performance, leadership, persistence, and personal growth.

Stress and Destressing

Definition: Stress is the body’s nonspecific response to demands or pressures that disrupt equilibrium.

Types:

Eustress: Positive stress that motivates and improves performance

Distress: Negative stress causing anxiety, fatigue, or health problems

Effects:

Physical: Headache, fatigue, hypertension

Emotional: Anxiety, depression, irritability

Cognitive: Poor concentration, indecisiveness

Behavioral: Withdrawal, unhealthy habits

Common Stressors for Nurses: Workload, emotional demands, shift work, lack of resources, interpersonal conflicts, work–life imbalance

Destress Strategies:

Relaxation: Yoga, meditation, deep breathing

Physical a

1. PERSONAL MANAGEMENT Mr. Pradeep Abothu, PhD Scholar, Dept. of Child Health Nursing ASRAM College of Nursing

2. CONTENTS Emotional intelligence Resilience building Stress and time management – de stressing Career planning

3. INTRODUCTION Personal management is the process of effectively organizing one’s own behaviour, emotions, and resources to achieve personal and professional balance. It emphasizes self-regulation and growth by integrating key aspects such as emotional intelligence, resilience building, stress and time management, and career planning. Together, these elements guide individuals in maintaining well-being and achieving long-term success.

4. Personal management is defined as the process of developing self-awareness, regulating behaviour, and utilizing resources effectively to achieve both personal and professional goals. Definition

5. Enhances Self-Awareness – Helps individuals understand their strengths, weaknesses, and areas for growth. Improves Emotional Balance – Promotes stability in handling challenges and relationships. Boosts Productivity – Effective use of time and resources increases efficiency in personal and professional life. Supports Stress Control – Encourages healthy coping strategies, reducing burnout and anxiety. Importance

6. Strengthens Decision-Making – Builds clarity and confidence in setting priorities and goals. Guides Career Development – Aligns personal growth with professional aspirations for long-term success. Promotes Overall Well-being – Balances work, health, and personal life for sustainable progress.

7. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE The concept of emotional intelligence (EI) was popularized by Daniel Goleman , a renowned psychologist and science journalist. Goleman emphasized that emotional intelligence is as important as cognitive intelligence for personal and professional success. His framework highlights the ability to recognize, understand, and manage our own emotions, as well as the emotions of others, which contributes to effective relationships, decision-making, and leadership.

8. Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify, assess, and manage emotions in oneself and others. It involves recognizing emotional cues, regulating emotional responses, and using this understanding to guide thinking, behaviour, and social interactions. Definition

9. Daniel Goleman’s framework of emotional intelligence is divided into four key components, categorized by two dimensions: Recognition vs. Regulation and Self vs. Others . 1. Self-Recognition (Self-awareness): Understanding one’s own emotions and putting a name to them. Recognizing personal behavior triggers. Identifying personal values. Understanding strengths and weaknesses. Emotional Intelligence Management Framework

10. 2. Self-Regulation (Self-management): Practicing self-discipline. Building confidence and setting boundaries. Ability to process and regulate emotions. Accepting situations beyond one’s control.  3. Social Recognition (Social Awareness): Developing cultural awareness. Recognizing dynamics in the workplace. Picking up social cues and body language. Experiencing empathy towards others.

11. 2. Self-Regulation (Self-management): Practicing self-discipline. Building confidence and setting boundaries. Ability to process and regulate emotions. Accepting situations beyond one’s control.  3. Social Recognition (Social Awareness): Developing cultural awareness. Recognizing dynamics in the workplace. Picking up social cues and body language. Experiencing empathy towards others.

12. 4. Relationship Regulation (Relationship Management): Managing conflicts effectively. Influencing and motivating others. Communicating efficiently. Developing cooperation and teamwork skills. This framework illustrates that emotional intelligence is not just an individual skill but also a social competency, helping individuals navigate their emotions while positively impacting their relationships and environment.

13. In healthcare/nursing: Enhances patient care, therapeutic communication, stress management, and teamwork. In education: Helps teachers understand learners’ needs and manage classroom dynamics. In management: Strengthens leadership, decision-making, and organizational culture. Applications of Emotional Intelligence

14. RESILIENCE BUILDING Resilience refers to the ability to adapt, recover, and grow stronger in the face of challenges, stress, trauma, or adversity. In today’s fast-paced and uncertain world, resilience is considered an essential life skill that enables individuals to cope effectively with setbacks and maintain mental well-being.

15. Resilience is often described as the ‘rubber ball’ factor, referring to the ability of an individual to bounce back after adversity. It is the capacity to cope with and rise above everyday challenges, problems, and setbacks encountered in life, and to return stronger than before. Definition

16. Strategies for Building Resilience

17. Optimism – Staying positive and hopeful even in tough times. Self-Belief – Trusting yourself and your abilities. Control of Self – Managing your emotions and actions calmly. Willingness to Adapt – Being open to changes when situations shift. Willingness to Be Flexible – Adjusting plans and trying new ways if needed. Ability to Solve Problems – Finding solutions to difficulties instead of giving up. Emotional Awareness – Understanding your own feelings and those of others. Social Support – Taking help and comfort from friends, family, or colleagues. Sense of Humor – Using laughter to reduce stress and see things in perspective.

18. The A-B-C model (Adversity – Belief – Consequence) was developed by Albert Ellis in the 1950s as part of his Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). It explains how individuals respond to challenges and setbacks. The model originally consisted of three components. Later, based on this model, three additional components were introduced to expand its application and provide a deeper understanding of resilience. The A-B-C Model

19. A – Adversity (Activating Event) This is the challenging or stressful situation a person encounter. Example: Failing a test, missing a deadline, or facing rejection. B – Beliefs These are a person’s interpretations, thoughts, or attitudes about the adversity. They can be rational (realistic, balanced) or irrational (negative, exaggerated). Example: Rational belief: “I didn’t prepare well this time; I’ll try harder next time.” Irrational belief: “I failed once, so I’ll never succeed.”

20. C – Consequences These are the emotional and behavioural outcomes that follow from beliefs of a person. If beliefs are negative, the consequence may be stress, anger, or giving up. If beliefs are positive, the consequence may be resilience, motivation, and growth. Example: Negative consequence: Feeling hopeless and avoiding challenges. Positive consequence: Feeling motivated to improve and try again.

21. Dispute Involves challenging and questioning the negative or irrational beliefs. This step encourages critical reflection: Is my belief realistic? Is there evidence to support it? Disputing allows individuals to break the cycle of harmful thoughts. Exchange Refers to replacing old, irrational beliefs with more rational, positive, and empowering ones. Example: Instead of believing “I always fail,” one might reframe it as “Failure is part of learning and growth.”

22. Feelings New and healthier feelings emerge as a result of adopting rational beliefs. These may include hope, motivation, confidence, and inner calm. Positive emotions support resilience by promoting constructive behavior and adaptive coping strategies.

23. Importance of Resilience Improves mental health and reduces anxiety and depression. Enhances academic and professional performance. Promotes effective coping in healthcare and high-stress professions. Strengthens leadership and decision-making abilities. Encourages persistence, creativity, and personal growth.

24. STRESS AND DESTRESS Stress is a common psychological and physiological response that occurs when individuals perceive a situation or demand as challenging, threatening, or beyond their coping capacity. While a certain level of stress can motivate performance (eustress), excessive or prolonged stress can negatively impact physical, emotional, and mental health. Effective management of stress and the practice of destressing strategies are therefore essential for overall well-being.

25. Definition Stress is defined as the body’s nonspecific response to any demand or pressure that disrupts its normal equilibrium . It can arise from internal factors (thoughts, worries, expectations) or external factors (workload, financial difficulties, conflicts, illness).

26. Types of Stress Eustress (Positive Stress): Eustress is the beneficial form of stress that motivates individuals to perform better. It enhances focus, energy, and productivity, helping people achieve goals, overcome challenges, and develop confidence in their abilities. Example: Preparing for an exam or a job interview. Distress (Negative Stress): Distress occurs when stress becomes overwhelming and exceeds one’s coping capacity. It leads to anxiety, frustration, fatigue, and physical or emotional problems, negatively affecting health, relationships, and overall professional as well as personal functioning. Example: Chronic work pressure, relationship conflicts.

27. Effects of Stress Physical: Headache, fatigue, sleep disturbances, hypertension. Emotional: Irritability, anxiety, depression. Cognitive: Poor concentration, memory problems, indecisiveness. Behavioural: Withdrawal, unhealthy eating habits, substance abuse.

28. Common Stressors Among Nurses Nursing is a highly demanding profession, and nurses are frequently exposed to stressors that affect both their personal and professional lives. Common stressors include: Workload and Staffing Issues: Long shifts, heavy patient assignments, staff shortages. Time Pressure: Managing multiple responsibilities within limited time. Emotional Demands: Caring for critically ill, terminally ill, or dying patients.

29. Exposure to Suffering and Death: Continuous interaction with pain and grief. Interpersonal Conflicts: Poor teamwork, communication gaps, or conflicts with colleagues, doctors, or patients’ families. Role Ambiguity: Unclear responsibilities or expectations. Shift Work: Night duties, irregular schedules affecting sleep and health. Lack of Resources: Insufficient equipment or supplies hindering patient care. Legal and Ethical Concerns: Fear of making errors, legal accountability, ethical dilemmas. Work–Life Imbalance: Difficulty balancing professional duties with personal/family responsibilities.

30. Destress Destress refers to the process of relieving or reducing stress through conscious strategies that promote relaxation, balance, and resilience. It involves both physical and mental techniques to restore emotional stability.

31. Strategies for Destressing Relaxation Techniques – Deep breathing, meditation, yoga. Physical Activity – Exercise, walking, sports to release tension. Time Management – Prioritizing tasks, setting realistic goals. Healthy Lifestyle – Balanced diet, adequate sleep, avoiding alcohol/drugs. Social Support – Talking with friends, family, or counsellors. Hobbies and Leisure – Music, reading, gardening, creative arts. Positive Thinking – Reframing negative thoughts, practicing gratitude.

32. TIME MANAGEMENT Definition: Time management is the process of planning, organizing, and controlling how much time is spent on different tasks to increase efficiency, reduce stress, and achieve goals effectively.

33. Helps in prioritizing patient care and urgent tasks. Reduces stress and work-related anxiety. Improves efficiency and productivity. Prevents errors and enhances patient safety. Provides better work–life balance. Increases job satisfaction and confidence. Importance of Time Management

34. Effects of Poor Time Management Increased stress and burnout. Missed deadlines and incomplete tasks. Poor quality of patient care and safety risks. Strained relationships with colleagues due to delays. Reduced personal time and imbalance in life. Decreased job performance and career growth.

35. Strategies for Time Management Setting Priorities – Identify urgent and important tasks first. Planning and Scheduling – Use timetables, to-do lists, or planners to organize daily activities. Delegation – Share tasks with colleagues or team members when possible. Avoiding Procrastination – Start tasks early and avoid unnecessary delays. Time Blocks – Assign fixed time slots for routine tasks to stay consistent. Stress Management – Manage workload with short breaks, relaxation, and realistic planning. Using Tools – Alarms, calendars, and apps can help remind and track activities.

36. CAREER PLANNING Career planning is a continuous process of setting career goals and finding the right path to achieve them. It helps individuals choose suitable opportunities, develop required skills, and grow professionally. In nursing, career planning is important to build confidence, enhance knowledge, and progress in clinical, academic, or administrative roles.

37. Steps in Career Planning Self-assessment – Identifying strengths, weaknesses, interests, and values. Exploring options – Collecting information about nursing career choices like clinical practice, teaching, research, or administration. Setting goals – Deciding short-term and long-term career goals. Developing skills – Gaining education, training, and competencies needed for chosen roles. Implementing plan – Applying for opportunities, seeking guidance, and taking practical steps toward goals. Reviewing progress – Regularly checking achievements and making adjustments when necessary.

38. Importance of Career Planning Provides a clear sense of direction. Improves motivation and commitment. Helps in using time and resources effectively. Encourages lifelong learning and skill development. Builds confidence in professional decision-making. Increases chances of success and job satisfaction .