Unity Is Strength For Enhancing Educational And Economic...

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1. Unity Is Strength For Enhancing Educational And Economic...
UNITY IS STRENGTH Fahammy foundation | Moving as a unit CONSTITUTION OF
FAHAMMY FOUNDATION 2 Moving as a unit 2 UNITY IS STRENGTH 2 THE
CONSTITUTION: 1. Name of the Foundation FATMA, ATHMAN, HASSAN, ADAM, MAHMUD,
MBARAKA&YUSSUF FOUNDA TION (FAHAMMY) 2. Vision Create an enabling environment
for enhancing educational and social– economic growth for members. 3. Mission To turn reasonable
ideas and opinions among members into reality, through combined workforce and resource
allocation. 4. Objectives The objectives for which the foundation is established are: (a) To uplift the
educational and economic status among
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5. Process Of A Bill Becoming A Law In The State Of Texas
The process of a bill becoming a law in the state of Texas can be harsh and brutal. With the number
of complicated steps accompanied by the forces of many different delay tactics, the process can
prove to be exhausting.
There are seven basic steps: Introduction, referral or assignment to house or senate committees,
considered in house or senate committees, placement of bill on a legislative calendar, considered on
the house or senate floor, signed or vetoed by governor, and lastly the bill does or does not become a
law.
Introduction of a bill requires both house and senate members to file a written bill with each of their
corresponding clerk members. The clerk then submits the bill to alphanumeric designation where it
is available to the eyes of lawmakers and citizens so that they make track its progress. There is a
specific time bills can be submitted. They can be submitted the Monday after the November general
election. This step can be influenced by many figures outside of Legislative. Interests groups
influence legislation as well as the Governor can influence legislation. At this point there are no
delay tactics that could prevent the bill from moving on to step two.
After introduction of the bill, the referral or assignment to house or senate then takes place. In other
words, the bill is assigned to standing committee. The Speaker and Lieutenant Governor appoint
committee members and chairs. This gives the presiding officers great power and these vital
decisions can
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9. The Form Of Government In Bangladesh
Government is the most important one among the elements of a state. Without a government, a state
cannot be formed. The government may be changeable and can be formed in different types. In the
world, the government varies from state to state. The thinkers have argued the classification in a
different way at different times. Lots of discussions have been taken part over the form of
governments. They mainly focused on that which form is the best one among all the forms of
government. Every form of government is different from another. As a consequence, it is very
difficult to pin down the single factor that most closely ties to "goodness." The form of government's
values may determine its agreeability to a particular individual or group. On the contrary, its
corruptibility determines how likely it is to adhere to those values in the real world when subjects to
the rigor of human nature.
Government History And System Of Bangladesh:
Political governance in Bangladesh began with the independence from Pakistan in 1971. In 1971,
there was a government which was formed to lead throughout the war and it was the "Mujibnagar
Government". After the declaration of independence on 26 March 1971,Mujibnagar Government
was constituted at Mujibnagar to conduct the Bangladesh war of liberation. It was formed on 10
April 1971 . The Mujibnagar government was headed by Tajuddin Ahmad. Mujibnagar government
was mainly formed consisting of the top ranking leaders of awami league.On 26
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13. Why Canadians Are Frustrated With Their Legislatures
Good morning everyone. Today I will be covering David Docherty's book Legislatures. The work
covers various aspects of the functions, procedures and evolution of Canadian legislatures, both
provincial and federal. The analysis undertaken by Docherty, as expressed in his own words,
constitutes an audit of the existing legislatures and their procedures as they have historically
operated as well as in their modern iterations.
Docherty's analysis, broadly speaking, is an investigation into how internal processes and systems
contribute to the lack of satisfaction and relative distrust Canadians have in their governments to be
effective at their mandate of prudent governance. In order to understand why Canadians are
frustrated with their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Representation inclusivity has therefore made large strides in provincial and federal parliaments, but
elections remain the strongest way to increase inclusivity through the election of brand new
members.
Docherty addresses criticism both internally and externally of the governing party. Internally
Docherty suggests that while advances for nonpartisan selection of specific roles, such as the
Speaker, have been successful in achieving some neutrality, party discipline and loyalty to the
executive remain incredibly strong in Canada making internal dissention both politically and
strategically unwise for members of a governing party. Externally of the government, parties and
individual MP's do not receive the same type of research support as well as funding as those which
hold particular positions such as Ministers or meet standards set by the Board of Internal Economy.
While oppositions can scrutinize in the form of Question Period (QP) or Private Members Bills
(PMB) these measures have become more symbolic and theatrically politicized than they have been
historically leading to more talk and much less action.
Finally turning to legislation, Docherty highlights particular trends in Canadian legislatures that are
impacting the quality and timely nature of legislation. Firstly, the downsizing of legislatures
occurring across Canada. In
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17. The New Zealand Essay
The New Zealand (NZ) government essentially operates under the Westminster Parliamentary
system (Palmer, 3). This system was derived from the British structure and adopted in 1947 (Palmer,
4). The defining characteristic of this system include the separation of government into three
branches, the judicatory, legislator and the executive, with each preforming different roles in the law
forming process (Palmer, 5). There is no–absolute separation of power between these different
branches, especially between the legislature and the executive branch of government. Although, the
introduction of the Mixed Member Proportionality (MMP) electoral system has enhanced this
separation through demanding more accountability from the executive branch. While MMP has
improved the system, there are numerous recommendations that could be implemented to improve
this accountability.
The separation of power in the New Zealand parliamentary system is pertinent for an efficient and
democratic government. The different branches of New Zealand government have to be detached to
ensure that one does not act unconstitutionally, nor has undue power over another (New Zealand
Parliament, 2014). Each branch has separate roles and acts as breaks to hold the other sectors
accountable for their decisions (Palmer, 5). The legislator branch consists of members of Select
Committees, Parliament and the Governor General (Palmer, 5). Their role in the system is to
examine, debate and provide scrutiny over drafted
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21. Presidential Democracy
There are two main types of democratic systems in the world today: Parliamentary and Presidential.
More important than any difference is the fact that these two forms of governments are democracies.
This being a fundamental similarity for the two, the people are allowed to vote for their leaders in
both a parliamentary and presidential democracy (Comparision). Most people take part in political
life by way of elections; this is common for both types of democracies. For example, Great Britain,
being a parliament, revolves around two main political parties: Labour and Conservatives. The party
with the greatest representation forms the government. A Prime Minister is then selected from the
leading party and then becomes the head of state (Hauss ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers can be removed from office if it loses the
confidence of the majority party. Basically, if the people of parliament do not like what is going on,
then there can be a vote or ruling to decide whether the Prime Minister needs to be removed from
office (Hauss 126). The President in a presidential system typically has a fixed term lasting four to
eight years, due to the fact that it is more difficult to impeach a president versus a receiving a vote of
no confidence (Carabajal). Furthermore, in a parliament system there is no strict separation of
powers because the ministers are also members of legislature. There are however incredibly strict
separation of powers in a presidential system. For example, in the United States , the President and
the secretaries are not members of Congress (Comparison). There is a relatively low chance for
gridlock in a parliamentary democracy due to the fact that the majority party supports the Prime
Minister and so there is agreement and support on the decisions that are made. Whereas in a
presidential democracy there is and increased chance for gridlock due to the multiple claims of
legitimacy between executive and legislative branches in the government
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25. Democracy Is A Key Component Of Today 's Society
The government is a crucial component of today's society. Its existence is important for a civilized
community. Its definition includes the exertion of authority, administration of public policies, and
the direction of its members or subjects. Along with the creation of laws, a government provides the
country with infrastructure and services, and maintains a military and police force amongst other
forces on behalf of the citizens of the country. A government works fairly and with justice when
there is rule by the people. Democracy is "a government in which the supreme power is vested in the
people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually
involving periodically held free elections" (Webster Dictionary). The utmost powerful characteristic
of democracy is that people hold the ultimate power. "Democracy is a government of the people, by
the people, for the people" – Abraham Lincoln. A democratic government allows its citizens to
manage their government through indirective or directive procedures. Such procedures include
freedom of expression, fair and competitive elections to determine the authority for political power,
and certain restrictions on the exertion of authority. Such democratic governments choose between a
presidential system, a parliamentary system, or a hybrid system (semi–presidential). These systems
differ based on how their executive, legislative, and judicial branches are organized. Along with a
great impact on
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29. Henry Martyn Robert's Rules Of Order
Henry Martyn Robert, author of Robert's Rules of Order was born in 1837 and died in 1923, and a
Brigadier General in the Union Army during the Civil War. In 1863 he was asked to chair a local
town meeting at a church in New Bedford, Massachusetts but didn't know how to preside. He
assumed the assembly would behave, but the meeting was a disaster, lasted 14 hours and really
didn't accomplish anything. General Robert was very frustrated and vowed to never again attend
another meeting until he knew more about Parliamentary Law. He researched a small book on the
subject, and found some rules for DELIBERATE ASSEMBLIES with four or five motions
according to rank, two or three could not be debated, and some amended. He traveled around the
country collecting Parliamentary information and saw different interpretations of Parliamentary Law
in various organizations. **Robert "saw the need for a uniform set of rules to enable civic–minded
people to belong to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1875, his wife convinced him to write Part 2 "for the benefit of persons with no experience in a
meeting" and in 1876 finally had these parts published separately. Both sold extremely well and
refined the parliamentary rules for DELIBERATE ASSEMBLIES known today as Robert's Rules of
Order. He accomplished the major groundwork for establishing the order, rules, and procedures of
meetings before he died in 1923. He identified the types of motions of Main, Subsidiary, Privileged,
and Incidental explaining their order of importance. Also, wrote Rules of Chairmanship with what is
or is not debatable, which motions require a second and which do not determine what sort of
majority is needed (simple or 2/3), defined a quorum, created guidelines for proper meeting conduct,
and wanted standard Parliamentary Rules from every group, organization, city, and
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33. Unit 32: Take Minutes
Unit 32: Take Minutes
Unit code: Q209
Unit reference number: M/601/2478
1 Understand the task of taking minutes at meetings
1.1 Describe the purpose of meetings
1.2 Describe legal and organisational requirements that may apply to minute taking
1.3 Explain the purpose of minutes as an accurate record of discussions and decisions
The purpose of holding a meeting is to discuss topics that are relevant to the running of the business
and to keep all working together towards the same goals. During the meeting it is important to
record what actions have been decided upon, who is responsible and what the milestones and
deadlines are. The minutes accurately record summaries of the discussions held and decisions made
at the meeting. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Honorary Secretary
Information, Point of: the drawing of attention in a meeting to a relevant item of fact
Intra vires: within the power of the committee or meeting to discuss, carry out
Lie on the table: leave item to be considered instead at the next meeting (see table)
Lobbying: a practice of seeking members' support before a meeting
Motion: the name given to a 'proposal' when it is being discussed at a meeting
Mover: one who speaks on behalf of a motion
Nem con: from Latin, literally, 'no one speaking against'
Opposer: one who speaks against a motion
Order, point of: the drawing of attention to a breach of rules or procedures
Other business: either items left over from a previous meeting, or items discussed after the main
business of a meeting
Point of order: proceedings may be interrupted on a 'point of order' if procedures or rules are not
being kept to in a meeting
Proposal: the name given to a submitted item for discussion (usually written) before a meeting takes
place
Proxy: literally 'on behalf of another person' – proxy vote
Quorum: the number of people needed to be in attendance for a meeting to be legitimate and so
commence
Refer back: to pass an item back for further consideration
Resolution: the name given to a 'motion' which has been passed or carried; used after the decision

34. has been reached
Seconder: one who
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38. Compare and Contract the Budget Processes and Systems of...
Comparative Public Administration
PROJECT
Compare and contract the budget processes and systems of fiscal accountability in Presidential and
Parliamentary systems of Government.
Student: Lyn Marie James
Abstract
There is diversity of forms of government (Laundy, 1989) and different ways of classifying them
and as such, this paper sets out to discuss the budgetary powers of the legislature under different
forms of government, and the environment that informed the political structures. The paper
discusses the different forms of government systems that exist in various countries with specific
focus on the Presidential system as obtained in countries such as the United States of America and
the Parliamentary "Westminster" form ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The expansion of budgetary control over the rest of the military and into non–military areas during
the Eighteenth Century was slow and inconsistent. However, as Parliament became more
accustomed to allocating funds, some modern concepts and terminology began to develop. In 1733
Robert Walpole, Whig Prime Minister under George I, began referring to the inauguration of the
discussions on the Crown's proposed expenditures as the "opening of the budget." This convention
continued, and gradually by 1800 this usage was universally accepted in England.
In France a conscious effort to make government rational was initiated. Following the lead of the
Philosophers during the Age of Reason, and eager to replace the medieval traditions of the ancient
regime, the French introduced sweeping changes to their government and society during the reign of
Napoleon.
As with the English, except with different motives, Napoleon's first concern was with mastering the
military budget. To obtain better information on, and to control expenditures, he established a Corps
des Comptes. The general who headed this corps became,
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42. Defining Characteristics Of The New Zealand Constitution
Public Law: Defining Characteristics of the New Zealand Constitution
ID: 62952639
A constitution revolves around public power. It is the body of law that creates and regulates the
application of the powers . The nature and application of these powers are the one of the most
fundamental components of an evolved society. NZ has a number of unique and defining
characteristics to its constitution, the origins of these powers and their application have far reaching
consequences for the people of New Zealand. Perhaps the most principled featured of our legal
system is the concept of parliamentary sovereignty. There are a number of constitutional
characteristics that heavily influence the scope of parliamentary power in New Zealand. Most
notably ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This incremental change is vital to ensure the constitutional law is developing alongside the ever
changing societal and political view. It also ensures democratic legitimacy as the power is placed in
the hands of the democratically elected parliament, rather than the with the judicial discretion of the
courts . This a key identifying feature that has far reaching practical consequences in New Zealand
society. Despite the checks and balances on parliamentary power that the unwritten constitution
itself provides. The concept of parliamentary sovereignty carries with it an inherent ability to abuse
power. The AG v Ngati Apa decision is a prime example where a tyrannical government can in
essence alienate the rights of minority citizen groups. The fundamental legal principles that underpin
our unwritten constitution have led to some questioning as to the extension of these parliamentary
powers, Cooke's judgement in Taylor v NZ Poultry Board being a prime indicator of this. The
unwritten nature of New Zealand's constitution is a unique and defining characteristic of our
constitution, its fundamental principles are weaved throughout parliaments application of its power.
Another constitutional feature with heavy influence on parliamentary sovereignty is the concept of
legally entrenched provisions. The concept of entrenched provisions hold value for its democratic
stability, fundamental rights protection and its
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46. The Meiji Republic
The nation of Japan lies in the North Pacific Ocean, East of the Korean Peninsula and China.
Slightly smaller than the U.S. state of California, it has a total area (land and water) of 377,915
square miles and is divided into four primary islands: Hokkaido, Kyushu, Honshu, and Shikoku.
Japan is divided into 47 administrative divisions called prefectures. Japan was "founded" in 660
B.C. when Emperor Jimmu declared Japan as a sovereign Imperial nation. Until the Meiji
Restoration in 1890, Japan operated under the Shogunate rule, which involved the rule of a
hereditary dictator. The Meiji Constitution provided a constitutional monarchy instead of pure
Imperial dictatorship. The Modern State of Japan began on May 3, 1947, which marked the
formation of a new Japanese Constitution, an amendment to the Meiji Constitution. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Its Chief of State is Emperor Akihito, son of Emperor Hirohito of World War II, and his wife,
Empress Michiko. Both monarchs hold no legitimate power, but instead represent the constitution.
Instead, governmental power is held by the Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe, Deputy Prime Minister
Taro Aso, and the Diet, which operates in a similar manner to the U.S. Congress. The Diet, known in
Japan as Kokkai, consists of a House of Councilors and a House of Representatives. The members
serve a maximum term of 4 years. The Japanese Judiciary Branch is the Saiko Saibansho, or
Japanese Supreme Court. It consists of a Chief Justice (currently Itsuro Terada) and 14 associate
justices. The Saiko Saibansho operates on Japanese Statutory Law, known as the Six Codes. The
first of these codes is the Constitution of Japan, followed by the Civil Code, Code of Civil
Procedure, Criminal Code, Code of Criminal Procedure and the Commercial
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50. The Is The Sound Of A Loud Bell Essay
Transformation
Ring Ring– the sound of a loud bell sends students to their first class of the day. It was the first day
of high school for a five foot one inch, blue eyed, and brown haired girl. She was anticipating what
would come during her high school years. She was shy, wasn't out going, and didn't have very many
true friends. She had just quit the basketball team and left all of her friends behind. The only sport
she had left was cross country. How was she going to "fit in"? How would she excel? Would the
upperclassmen be nice to her? She decided to take her chances with the National FFA Organization,
more commonly known as FFA. She wasn't a "farm girl" and she didn't know anything about
agriculture, but her family had always been in FFA. Plus, it seemed like everyone in her class was
joining. Now, little did she know that one little decision would change her life forever. It brought
heartache, many tears, but it also brought success and friends. Yes, this girl was me three years ago.
I made a decision that has forever impacted me by making me more outgoing, teaching me how to
speak publicly, and giving me the experience of an Area V leadership workshop. My very first FFA
event was the Area V Leadership Conference my freshman year. The week before I had gone
shopping for official dress. Finally, I was going to be able to put on the blue corduroy jacket for the
first time. I buttoned up my white dress shirt, fixed my collar around my FFA scarf, and tucked my
shirt into
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54. Our Undemocratic Constitution Essay
The United States' claim to greatness since its arrival in the political world has been the
unquestionable democratic nature of the government. At the time of the constitution being drafted, it
seemed that the boundaries that were established offered sufficient protection and guidelines to
maintain a fluid and functional government. However, as the United States has developed and
grown, it is clear that the current system does not provide the grounds for a government to run and
process efficiently. The democratic nature of the government was of the upmost importance to the
framers and they implemented several systematic functions into the constitution that were intended
to run smoothly and maintain the democracy of the government. These functions ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the novel Our Undemocratic Constitution, by Sanford Levinson, he writes about these issues and
explains how they have caused for problems to arise in our government. Levinson warns of the
ambiguity found in the powers given to the president in the constitution and the potential force the
veto has. These issues are significant to contributing to the inefficiency of the government because
they give the President the power to potentially veto a law that required 2/3 majority of congress to
make it to his desk. This is a problem because this results in a process which is already difficult
(because of the partisanship and inefficiency already found in congress) being made even more
complicated. There are no boundaries placed on the veto power, which allows the President to use
the power on anything they deem fit. The Vesting Clause found in Article Two raises suspicions
because of the vagueness found in the clause. This affects efficiency because the executive is
capable of interpreting the clause in whatever way they see necessary, which could potentially
impede on the processes of the separate branches. These issues result in the public holding the
executive accountable difficult, because of the ambiguity of what is considered "necessary" for the
public good. I believe that by further defining the vesting clause and providing limitations for the
executive order ensure the efficiency of the
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58. Electronic Access Control Meeting Paper
New College of Florida Electronic Access Control Meeting
Recorded Attendance:
Kathy Killion, Alan Burr, Jeff Thomas, Alan Dawson, Mark Stier, Barbra Stier, John Martin, Tracy
Murry, Ben Foss
Meeting called to order at 4:00pm
I. Approval of Minutes: Minutes of the first meeting were not available for approval. First meeting
was held June 19th, 9:00am. In attendance were, John Martin, Tracy Murry, Mark Stier and Alan
Dawson
II. Reports:
A. Dean of Enrollment Services & Information Technology : Kathy Killion
Kathy opened the meeting with a brief explanation of the concerns she has for the Electronic access
system. She expressed concerns that the assembled group didn't fully understand the urgency of the
situation or the potentially dire consequences of a major system crash.
B. Interim Director of Information & Technology: Benjamin Foss
a. Security
Ben spoke to the security issues of the current server. The system is being run on the Server 2003
operating system with a SQL 2005 database. Both the OS and Database ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Over the last two years the access server has crashed at random times bringing the entire system
down. A hard reset is required to bring the system back online. We believe this is due to the software
not receiving general maintenance and patches. Physical plant has indicated that the version of
software running on the system is no longer eligible for support which means there are no
patches/hotfixes that can resolves these system crashes. In the event the system crashed beyond
repair IT backups of the data will probably provide little to no help. This is due to the age of the
software. The current data being backed up is intended to be restored to a server that is the same
version being backed up. It is likely that the college wouldn't be able to obtain the outdated version
of the software from the vendor to do a
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62. United Kingdom, Sweden And Japan
Governments are designed to serve the people. Government are uniquely build upon the cultural,
traditional, political, sociological, etc background of the country. Each one one keeping in mind that
people have their own perspective of a government. That they each envision a benefiting system for
the population. Therefore regimes such as the parliamentary regime, presidential regime, semi
presidential regime, bicameral regime, and unicameral regime exist.
Parliamentary systems usually have the head of government and the head of state, with the head of
government being the prime minister or premier, and the head of state often being a figurehead,
often a hereditary monarch (often in a constitutional monarchy). Countries that have this type of
government are the United Kingdom, Sweden and Japan. These countries have a administrations
that are virtually always the outcome of parties' coalitions, they inclined to be varied and represent
an extensive swath of common opinion. In a parliamentary system, the chief executive (the prime
minister) is chosen from the parliament by his peers after each parliamentary election.
Consequently, he serves as the leader of both the executive branch and the legislative branch, a
scenario appropriately referred to as a "fusion of powers". Given that a majority of parliament must
confirm his/her appointment to the position, the Prime Minister is almost always guaranteed a
working political majority or a favorable coalition.
Presidential
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66. Separation Of Power Vs Presidency Essay
Separation of Power and Presidency
This particular article focuses on the question whether the separation of power leads to a
monarchical presidency. The author starts by contrasting the parliamentary system against the
presidential one with regard to limiting the misuse of the executive power. The parliamentary system
restrains it powers better as compared to the presidential one which results to the president
appearing to be a king. The separation of power was intended to divide the powers between the
congress and the presidency so that power could not be more or too much on one arm of the
government. But in this case it restricted the powers of the congress more as compared to the powers
of the president. For example, according to the constitution the House of Commons can push a
government out of office by just having a majority vote but when it comes to impeaching a
president, it is quite a burdensome procedure. It requires an additional two thirds vote from the
senate. The author also considers that the separation of powers or rather the divided government
gives the legislature the ability to limit the president's powers and his executive bureaucracy.
Despite the view that the presidents in the US have been free from constraints by the legislature
since none of them has ever been impeached while in power. There is enough evidence to suggest
that the legislature has ably restricted the presidency accordingly in various occasions, such us in the
reigns of presidents Nixon, Andrew Johnson and Bill ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This may be attributed to the roles they play i.e. the president and his administrative body is not part
of the legislature while on the contrary the Prime minister and his cabinet are all members of the
legislature (Ellis, 2012). This may make the president appear to have superiority over
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70. Parliamentary System And Presidential System
This issue determines the effectiveness of Parliamentary System and Presidential System as
compares to each other. After World War I the demand of democracy started to spread like fire
across the world and of course in European Countries as well. Many Colonial Systems & Monarch
adopted Democracy and then arises the necessity of a proper Governmental System. It was in the
hands of the state of choose in between Parliamentary, Semi – Presidential and Presidential forms of
Government. In this period, the Constitutional Monarchies adapted the Presidential System while
Absolute Monarchies preferred Presidential or Semi – Presidential form of Government. However,
United Kingdom remained under Constitutional Monarchy, but adapted some ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Westminster and Consensus System are main systems of Parliamentary form of Government to be
distinguished between. A well–known system of Parliamentary system in respect to Commonwealth
countries is Westminster System of Parliament. It attributes a cause to the opposition debate instead
of consensual debate. It gives right to every citizen to stand for election instead of closed list of
participants. This brings a transparency which is most important in democratic counties for political
system. Unlike in the consensus system, the plenary sessions here are more important that
committee meetings .
Consensus System of Parliament includes the debate with permission or without objecting the
opposition. Compulsory attending a meeting is not that important as compared to Committee
meetings in Consensus System of Parliament. Consensus system is based on dualism, which means
that ministers are personally attending and participating in the debate, but are not entitled to vote .
PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
The Presidential System mainly focuses on the fact that Head of Government is the Head of the
State and legislative has no authority over executive. The President is not answerable for functions
of legislative nor he can dismiss the legislative but legislative branch of state can remove/ discharge
the President by impeachment.
The Head of State
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74. Parliamentary Sovereignty Is No Longer, If It Ever Was...
"Parliamentary sovereignty is no longer, if it ever was, absolute" (Lord Hope). Discuss with
reference to at least three challenges to the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty. Parliamentary
sovereignty is the concept that Parliament has the power to repeal, amend or create any law it wishes
and therefore no body in the UK can challenge its legal validity. There are many people who would
argue that this is a key principle to the UK Constitution, on the other hand, there are those who
strongly believe that this idea is one of the past, and that the idea of the UK Parliament being
sovereign is false. One of these people is Lord Hope, who said "Parliamentary sovereignty is no
longer, if it ever was, absolute". During the last 50 years there have been a variety of developments
that have proved to be a challenge for the legitimacy of parliamentary sovereignty, and the ones
which will be examined in this essay are: the devolution of powers to the Scottish Parliament; The
United Kingdom's entry into the European Union in 1973; and finally the power of judicial review.
Starting with the devolution of powers, these challenges will all be evaluated when discussing
whether or not the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty applies to the United Kingdom.
Westminster's sovereignty has been gradually diminishing over time as varying amounts of power
have been devolved to Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland. In this essay, the devolution of powers
to the Scottish Parliament will be
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78. Representative Frullo Accomplishments
Representative John Frullo has been on the Texas political scene since the 1990s. Prior to his service
in the Texas Legislature, Frullo was a "successful Lubbock businessman and CPA auditing
government entities." (house.state.tx.us) Representative Frullo has served on many committees
during his service in the Texas Legislature, including The Culture, Recreations, and Tourism
Committee and The Licensing and Administrative Committee. True to his Republican Party values,
Representative Frullo believes in small government, is a supporter of pro–gun rights, and supports
many pro–life issues facing the citizens of Texas.
A businessman and owner of Lubbock's Midtown Printing and Graphics, Frullo has many
accomplishments outside of state politics. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I also found it interesting that he is a licensed pilot. Though he isn't a Texas native, he has been very
active around the community. However, his voting record on many issues in Texas are problematic.
It is disturbing that he supported bills like HB 15. This bill requires women to view sonograms
before getting an abortion SB 14 is another bill that is alarming to many Texans. The base of this bill
would require ID verification when voting. Bills like these and several others restrict Texans ability
to participate in the voting process, and the "Sonogram Bill" is just another useless and harmful
hurdle that women must go through when making the difficult decision to have an abortion. My
personal values to no align with those of Representative Frullo, therefore I would not vote to re–
elect Rep. Frullo. Though he has done good in regards to combating abuse of children and
strengthening law enforcement, his stance on social issues is a big red flag for
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82. Presidential vs parliamentary systems Essay
Presidential versus parliamentary systems
ILONA MÁRIA SZILÁGYI
Miklós Zrínyi National Defence University, Budapest, Hungary
This article is a comparison of presidential and parliamentary systems. They are the two most
popular types of democratic governments. They have common and dissimilar features.
In both presidential and parliamentary systems the chief executive can be removed from office by
the legislature but the way of it is different. Dissimilar feature is the election of the chief executive
and the debate styles. I present the two best examples of these systems: the USA (presidentialism)
and the UK (parliamentary system).
Consequently nations can choose which system they sympathise: the more classic parliamentary
system ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The President is both the chief executive and the head of state. The President is elected
independently of the legislature. The powers invested in the President are usually balanced against
those vested in the legislature. In the American presidential system, the legislature must debate and
pass various bills. The President has the power to veto the bill, preventing its adoption. However, the
legislature may override the President's veto if they can muster enough votes. The American
President's broadest powers rest in foreign affairs. The
President has the right to deploy the military in most situations, but does not have the right to
officially declare war. More recently the American President requested the right to approve treaties
without the consent of the legislature. The American Congress denied this bill and was able to
override the President's veto [1].
A presidential system is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides
(hence the name) separately from the legislature, to which it is not accountable and which cannot, in
normal circumstances, dismiss it.
It owes its origins to the medieval monarchies of France, England and Scotland where executive
authority was vested in the Crown, not in meetings of the estates of the realm (i.e., parliament): the
Estates–General of France, the Parliament of
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86. Australia 's Constitutional Democracy And The Federal System
Throughout this essay, a comparison of both Australia's constitutional democracy and the federal
republic system in the United States will take place. Australia and the United States are both a part
of the federal system. Within the federal system, the national and state governments divide the
power in order to govern (Parliamentary Education Office, 2016). Both Australia and the United
States have two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate. Parliament Education
office, (2016) states that there are numerous similarities between these two countries, for example,
both these nations decide on the making of legal guidelines for their government. However,
Australia and the United States have different forms of government and this affects how the political
system is managed. Australia is a constitutional monarchy, in which the queen is the head of the
state (ABC, 2004), and the United States is the federal republic where the President is the head of
state (Parliamentary Education Office, 2016). A constitution is a formal structure for the state and
specifies the power and institutions of the central government and its relationship with different
levels. Additionally, it expresses the rights of citizens and creates limits on the government (Hague
& Harrop, 2013). In a republic government, the people and their elected representative have the
power and there may be an elected or nominated president (Stevenson, 2010). A constitutional
democracy and the federal republic
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90. Parliamentary Sovereignty Essay
Is the orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty still relevant in the modern British constitution?
Why (not)?
1. The orthodox view of parliamentary sovereignty
To define parliamentary sovereignty does not seem too complicated when it is assessed in isolation.
Only in connection with other constitutional principles difficult tensions arise. The orthodox view of
parliamentary sovereignty is simply that only parliament has the right to make or unmake law and
that no other institution can challenge that right. This also includes the rule that parliament cannot
bind its successors. Parliament can follow its own procedural rules as it wishes and court cannot
examine the procedure by which legislation has been passed (enrolled bill rule). ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
A majority of judges even said obiter that Parliament could not extend its lifetime beyond five years,
even if the 1911 Act was to be expressly repealed and the extension bill then passed. That leads to
the question if there are basic constitutional rules that parliament simply cannot change. Lord Steyn
and Lord Woolf held that the courts might have to revisit the principle of parliamentary sovereignty,
if Parliament sought 'to abolish judicial review of flagrant abuse of power by government or even
the role of the ordinary courts in standing between the executive and citizens'. In such an event, the
court might have to 'qualify' the supremacy of Parliament, 'a principle established on a different
hypothesis of constitutionalism'.
3. EC Act 1972
The biggest challenge for parliamentary sovereignty clearly comes from the implications of the
1972 EC Act. Section 2 of the EC Act obliges the UK courts to give effect to Union law. That does
not mean that the British courts have the power to strike down legislation but they have the power to
set aside British law in a particular case and apply Union law instead. Tensions arose in the past in a
number of cases in which Westminster legislated against Union law. Good examples of it are the
Factortame cases in which Parliament finally had to accept the supremacy of EU (then EC) law.
However, the question of whether the traditional rule that no parliament can bind its successors is
still valid was not expressly answered
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94. The Role Of The Executive Has Always Remained A...
The role of the executive has always remained a controversial issue. In some countries, the
executive may champion conservative beliefs, pushing his country towards free–market economies,
privatization and military spending. In another country, the executive might have been a populist
leader who came to power by mobilizing the masses, championing labor rights and engaging in land
redistribution. As Fukyuyama references to in his piece, "Do Institutions Really Matter",
nevertheless, in developed democracies, the role of institutions, such as low levels of corruption and
accountable government, have ensured these executives will exercise their power within limit.
Another institution such as regular elections provides the people with a "fair" process of choosing
representation. Consequently, it is assumed that institutions are of the utmost importance to a
society, as they often dictate the political, economic and social ramifications for that country.
Therefore, if institutions do indeed matter, is executive leadership helpful or detrimental to their role
and effectiveness? We will examine presidential democracies, in particular the United States, a
prime example where the Chief of State has much more executive influence than in any other form
of democracy, to determine whether this leadership strengthens or mitigates the effects of
institutions. It is important to understand that not only does the president have significant power in
this system, but also that this nation
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98. BSBADM502B MANAGE MEETINGS STUDENT
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Delegating preparation activities
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105. Cfla Career Goals
Family, Career, and Community Leaders of America or FCCLA has been a part of my life for six
years now. I started as a sixth grader and have been hooked ever since. When I decided to join I
would have never imagined I would be the chapter president or running to be the Wisconsin FCCLA
State President. I have developed an endless amount of skills that have transformed me into the
young adult I am right now. In the beginning when I first joined FCCLA I did not have a sense of
what I wanted to do. I was without the confidence and maturity I have today. I was timid and unsure
of myself. Would I actually involve myself in this organization or would I sit in the back and not do
anything? I decided to get involved with community service activities and compete in a STAR
Event.
FCCLA has many opportunities to allow you to grow and take on responsibilities. We plan
community service events which let us get out into the community and give back to people who
support us all year round. Not only do I help with these events I donate to them as well. Another
way to be a part of FCCLA is to put together and compete with a STAR Event. This means Students
Taking Action with Recognition. The STAR Event I have been involved in for the past six years is
Parliamentary Procedure. In this event we run a proper business meeting while using Robert's Rules
of Order with seven other people. This event has allowed me to bond with people on my team and
expand my knowledge about Parliamentary Procedure. Qualifying for State Leadership Conference
for the past five years has been an honor. One year I was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Growth is optional." I knew FCCLA would change me but I never thought about how much is
would allow me to grow and transform into the young adult I am today. Being the State Vice
President of Parliamentary Law would not guarantee my transformation from childhood to
adulthood but taking on the responsibilities and challenges
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109. Pros And Cons Of Edwards Narrow Vote
High GPA, Low Incarceration, Narrow Votes and Deep Fiscal Cliff –– Less Than Two Weeks Til
Sine Die
EDWARDS WILL VETO BUDGET
http://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/legislature/article_533d7372–4182–11e7–
a9b9–87c1e83bc070.html FISCAL STUFF
(http://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/legislature/article_9386aed6–3ce5–11e7–
b676–a7a8b7acc46b.html)
HB2/Criminal Justice drama
On the campaign trail, Governor John Bel Edwards promised to bring down Louisiana's
incarceration rate and to end the era of Louisiana being the most incarcerated state in the country
(and political entity in the world). Although Edwards (D–Amite) has worked to this end by bringing
a broad criminal justice reform package before the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The narrow vote came after heated debate on the floor centered on the needs of low–income
students. Though Foil initially agreed to an amendment that would direct any savings as a result of
HB117 to Go Grants (Louisiana's needs–based scholarship program), the Baton Rouge Republican
later asked the House to remove the provision. In a move that seems out of character to many, Baton
Rouge Democrat Ted James encouraged his colleagues to support Foil's measure: "When we create a
culture of low expectations we get what we ask for. We need to make changes to TOPS – I hope you
follow my green light," the oft champion of low–income families said. Opposed by Governor John
Bel Edwards (D–Amite) and the Patrick F. Taylor Foundation (named for the founder of the
scholarship), HB117 is expected to meet resistance in the Senate. As Foil attempts to up the GPA
requirement from a 2.50 to a 2.75 advocates across the state will be closely watching to see if Foil's
tick sheet gets the necessary bump on the Senate side.
A scheduled vote on Baton Rouge Republican Steve Carter's "Gas Tax" bill was postponed
Wednesday amid concerns that it did not have the necessary support for House passage. Set to raise
the State's tax on gasoline by 17 cents per gallon, the measure would raise upwards of $500 million
each year for transportation and infrastructure needs. HB632 would require a two–thirds majority
for approval and current whip
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113. Pros And Disadvantages Of A Full-Time Or Part Time...
A Full–Time or Part–Time Legislature
Name
Institutional affiliation
A full time legislature is a legislature where the members consider their jobs as being full time. The
members are well paid and committees are well staffed. Legislators meet for the most part of the
year and are paid as full time employees. Their extended time in office and the ability to devote their
time to issues allows them to perform their duties more effectively. A full time legislature allows
adequate time for debate and hearings among the legislators and the public, therefore the decision
making process is more informed. Legislators do not have to meet all year round in order to get their
work done. Spending too much time in the legislature takes the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are special sessions that are called by the governor. The legislative process in Texas is a
hybrid system with a combination of both the full time legislature and the part time legislature. The
140 day sessions is a short period to conduct all the business of the state and the constitution gives
the governor the power to call as many special sessions needed in order to complete important state
business. These special sessions are short and do not exceed 30 days. Reducing the duration of these
sessions is important to ensure that the government does not govern too much. At the end of a
legislative session any bills that have not been approved by both houses die on the last day of the
session. The governor can use the threat of a special session to motivate legislators to focus on
issues that are of concern to the governor. The compromises that are possible between Texas 140
day sessions and a full time approach include a reduction of costs and the availability of adequate
time to discuss and debate legislations. The sessions are limited to 140 days, but if there are issues
that need legislative attention, then the governor can convene special sessions to address these issues
(Tucker,
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117. The Doctrine Of Parliamentary Sovereignty
Prior to 1972, the British Parliament was once sovereign, but its supremacy has been questioned as a
result of Britain's membership of the European Union (EU) and its endorsement of the Human
Rights Act 1998 (HRA). In order to analyse this notion, it is essential to outline the traditional
doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty. The essay will reflect upon the evidence in respect of
Britain's membership of the EU and the degree to which it affects Parliamentary Sovereignty and
also reflect upon Britain's enactment of the HRA in the same way.
The doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty stems from the Bill of Rights 1689 which effectively
established a Constitutional Monarchy. This Bill had removed sovereignty from the monarchy
alone– who had absolute power in areas such as the Executive, Legislature and the Judiciary, and
ensured that legislation could only be executed with Parliament's agreement. Parliamentary
Sovereignty is an integral principle in Britain's uncodified Constitution. According to Dicey
'"Parliament" has "the right to make or unmake any law whatever; and further, that no person or
body is recognised by the law of England as having a right to override or set aside the legislation of
parliament'. Overall Dicey as a Theorist argues that Parliament is sovereign and can legislate in
areas that it wishes, showing Parliament to be the highest source of law in the UK. A component of
this doctrine is that Parliament is able to enact on any matter, including those
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121. Pros Of SGA Constraints
Because of the semester time constraints, there would not be three more general body meetings of
SGA in time for my second journal. I decided to ask if I could observe one of their executive
meetings for my entry, and then attend one more meeting later in April for my final project. This
meeting was fairly informal. Members of the executive staff, as well as three or four committee head
sat around the table in the SGA office. Lead first by the President, much of the conversation
revolved around money. The President spoke for a fair amount of time at the beginning of the
meeting, reminding members of the upcoming elections.
"Next year you must be prepared to..."
"I am tried of asking you all for things you know I need"
He spoke fast, and succinct,
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125. 3.3 Explain The Importance Of Accuracy In Meetings
Annotation enabled: highlight text and click the annotate button to provide direct feedback or
comments.
ExpandSynchronise scroll
Latest submission by Sam Kilbey (Learner) 03/02/2017 11:58
AC3.3: Explain the importance of accuracy in minute taking
Minutes show an accurate record of decisions and actions that were previously discussed at the
meeting. The record allows the meeting objectives to be achieved. It is important that minutes are
accurate because they are distributed out after the meeting to attendees and sometimes non–
attendees. Even though attendees may recall memories from the meeting they may not be entirely
accurate and may have forgot key information discussed. Therefore it is important for minutes to be
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their responsibilities are to check that those invited to the meeting have arrived and signed in on
arrival. They also must outline the purpose of the meeting and have had reviewed the agenda.
Within the meeting, the chair has the responsibility of keeping the meeting flowing by controlling
interruptions, dominating discussion as well as refocusing it. They are in charge of keeping to time
and keeping the meeting to the set agenda. At the end of the meeting, the chair clarifies any
misunderstanding that may have been caused as well as summarising achievements and actions that
have been agreed. To end the meeting, the chair is responsible for arranging the date and time of the
next meeting then signs of the
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129. Harley Eullman Schools Case Study
The Pullman School Board held it's monthly meeting at 7:30 p.m. Tuesday night. The Board voted
to pass a new budget for the 2018–2019 school year, and to continue using the current biology
textbooks despite concern from some local parents. The Board voted 7–2 to continue remedial
summer courses for an additional year. Seven retiring teachers were honored at the meeting,
including Nina Paynick, who had worked as a teacher for 44 years. The Board also unanimously
approved a resolution to praise ADDITIONS, the cohort of adult volunteers who contribute their
time to Pullman schools. The approved 2018–2019 budget totals $618.7 million, a 5% increase from
the current year. The budget includes $9.3 million for a new elementary school, which will be
located on West Madison Avenue and opened in two years. Also included in the budget is a 4.5%
raise for teachers and a 6% raise for administrators. Superintendent Gary Hubbard's salary was
increased by $10,000, to $137,000 per year. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Local parent Claire Sawyer challenged the current books, stating that she did not want her children
learning from the books, as they fail to address the theory of creationism. Harley Eulon countered
Sawyer's statement, saying that evolution is a fact rather than a theory, and that some of the parents
were trying to force religious teachings on children. Raymond Cross added that it is not the school's
responsibility to teach creationism in the classroom. The Board concluded that parents should be
encouraged to discuss the matter with their children at home, using the religious training they deem
most appropriate for their
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133. The Rule Of Law And Political Power
The state is created to stave off anarchy and establish the rule of law. Critical to the organization of a
new state is the constitutional democratic regime which it adopts to ensure the longevity and
stability of the state. A key factor in determining state viability is the organization of the regime and
allocation of political power, a concept known as institutional design. How political power is
allocated among rival factions determines whether polarization and conflict results in compromise,
gridlock, or, in extreme cases, the collapse of the state. In democratic regimes, there have
historically been two formats under which political power has been designed: presidentialism and
parliamentarism. However, both have been unreliable. Presidentialism has exacerbated systematic
fragility in countries such as Brazil and Chile resulting in military coups. Parliamentarism has
caused the fragmentation of political power leading to a confusing proliferation of minority parties
and gridlock. In hopes of overcoming its constituents' failures, a third system has been constructed
mixing aspects of both presidentialism and parliamentarism – semi–presidentialism. Employing
both a president and prime minister, semi–presidentialism attempts to provide flexibility and
continuity to democratic regimes. This system is not to be confused with president–parliamentarism,
where the president has the power to confirm or dismiss the prime minister . Without leverage over
the prime minister,
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137. Questions And Questions On Meetings
Introduction
What are Meetings?
Meetings are where two or more people gather to discuss one or more topics, often in a formal
setting.
Purposes of Meetings
There can really be diverse purposes for meetings. Some of which can be for: Commemorating a
milestone or accomplishment Engaging in meaningful dialogues in order to reach decisions To learn
new things or acquire new skills To generate new ideas and develop new ways of thinking To hear
reports from certain individuals To consult and get feedback on issues To plan strategies needed to
achieve objectives To gain co–operation and support for the plans
Types of Meetings
There are different types of meetings. Most meetings fall into one of four category types, namely:
1. Report and information oriented meetings
2. Decision making and problem solving meetings
3. Creative and brain storming meetings
4. Training and skill building meetings
Meetings may also be: Ad Hoc Meetings – These are meetings which take place at short notices to
deal with a problem that has arisen. Formal Meetings – These are meetings which have set
procedures. They are planned and run in an agreed way. Examples of such would be school staff
meetings, an AGM of a club or monthly growth meetings of a business. Virtual Meetings – This is
where a number of participants may not be physically present for the meeting; however they are still
able to participate in it via use of a video connection, commonly known as video conferencing.
AGM
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141. Ivory Hate Football In Friday Night Lights
Why did Ivory hate football? From the story Friday Night Lights he started out playing football but
know he hates it. Ivorys problems include no self confidence, confusion, and some say he's a jerk.
Ivory has a lack of self confidence he thinks that he isn't good at football. He likes the game but also
hates it, he finds it pointless. In the story it states "and no matter how much Ivory tried to hate it and
belittle it and scoff at it, something took hold of him on game day as surely powerful as spreading
the world of jesus." as you can see he tries to hate the game but he also likes the game. In the story
is shows Ivory as a shy guy because he doesn't think he is good enough to play football. He doesn't
think that he should even play
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145. The Pros And Cons Of Globalization In India
Many United States products are not sold or distributed in other countries for various reasons such
as bans and trade barriers. Amazon, for example, is the largest internet provider for goods and
services in the world. But, many of its items are not readily available abroad. In India, the Amazon
Dash which is a small device used to order items already pre–selected from Amazon is not available.
Since Amazon is a worldwide producer of goods it should ultimately be offered for sale. India has
flourished in the past couple of years through their economy and business ethics. Trade is more
readily possible and their taxes have lowered due to economic changes in the years 2017–2018.
Since their country is rich in culture and vast throughout, business is further possible, and current
events have proven that.
India has the 2nd largest population followed by the 7th largest land area. It is believed to be over
4000 years old. They border the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. It is a vast country with rich natural
resources and history. India was civilized by 500 B.C. They had a golden period under the Gupta
Empire during 320 A.D. and 500 A.D. The British started ruling after Bahadur Shah II. India got
their independence on August 15th, 1947.India's population is more than 1.3 billion people as of
2016. Their multiple religions and cultures make India very culturally diverse. Climate varies from
tropical monsoons in the south to sweltering suns in the north. Deserts are strewn
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149. Modern Indi A Pluralistic, Multilingual, And Multi Ethnic...
Cassandra Kaur Sheanh
Dr. Russell Mardon
Political Science 147
February 1, 2015
India
Modern India is a 'pluralistic, multilingual, and multi–ethnic society'. Modern India, as we are
familiar with today, originally began in 1848 as the East India Company. This is when most of the
changes occurred that propelled India into the powerhouse that it has become today. In 1848, Lord
Dalhouse was appointed as Governor General. Under Lord Dalhouse's leadership multiple processes
were implemented. These include the "consolidation & demarcartion of society, the surveillance of
society, and the education of citizens." Along with changes to society came technological advances
such as those to the "railways, canals, and the telegraph" which all were implemented in India
almost immediately after their introduction in Europe. However, not all of India's population was
pleased with the direction the the East India Company was moving in. The new 'British–style social
reforms' which included large increases in land taxes were among the issues that the population was
unhappy about. In 1857, the East Indian Rebellion occurred. The East Indian Rebellion lasted
approximately one year and issues were settled in 1858 resulting in the East India Company being
dissolved. Consequently, India was now under the leadership and direction of the British
government. The difference between this new style of British–rule and the type of British–rule that
led to the rebellion was that this new leadership
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153. The Government Pros And Disadvantages Of A Minority...
In a system of governance, if a hung parliament occurs, that is, when a parliament has no single
party and thus no legitimate way to form a government, the government can actually gain
advantages. Instead of a single party majority, minority governments allow multiple parties to
govern. A minority government does not hinder a governing party because it promotes
accountability to the legislature, which allows a more flexible decision–making process, that
ultimately provides a Prime Minister different powers to maintain control which allows an efficient
government.
Under a minority government, no party has ultimate control of making policies, it instead rules on
consensus with the other parties, conversely, in a majority government, a single–party dominates the
legislative process. Though complex agreements between opposition parties, the governing party
can maintain confidence. For example, countries including Canada use contract parliamentarism,
where opposition parties agree to support the government in return for policy on other concessions
(Akash et al., 2010, p. 216). While this promotes collective responsibility, parties are still able to
decide their own position on most matters. Therefore, parties collaborate to protect minority
agreements that "often survive a full parliamentary term" (Akash et al., p. 216). This can result in
motions being passed that cover a broad variety of different topics that ultimately can address issues
that all parties see lacking in
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157. Discourse Community: Future Farmers Of America
A discourse community follows Swales' six characteristics: members share common goals, has a
form of communication, a form of feedback, genres, a specific lexis, and has a level of expertise all
within the group (Swales 25). I believe the Future Farmers of America is a great candidate for this
topic for that it falls in to the categories listed by Swales. The start of Future Farmers of America
came in 1900s in the state of Virginia. Adolescent to teenage males were not interested in farming
and did not want to take over the family farms. This led to a homegrown farmer becoming the
supervisor of Agriculture Education and set out to fix this problem, Walter Newman. With the help
of Edmund C, Magill, Harry W. Sanders and the most influential Henry ... Show more content on
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Once that is over there is a creed speaker that preforms the creed of FFA in front of the banquet
audience. At the end of the night awards are given to chapter members exceed expectations for
degrees. The degrees consist of: The Discovery Future Farmers of America degree, Green Hand
Degree, State Future Farmers of America Degree, and the American Future Farmers of America
Degree. The Green Hand degree is the most important of the degrees, every member must receive
the degree to earn a jacket from the sponsors. The Green Hand qualifications consist of the
following: being enrolled in an agricultural education and have satisfactory plan for a supervised
agricultural experience program, must learn and explain the Future Farmers of America creed,
model, salute and mission statement, must have knowledge of Future Farmers of America emblem
and colors, demonstrate of the Future Farmers of America code of ethics and the proper use of the
Future Farmers of America jacket, demonstrate knowledge of the history of the organization and the
chapter's constitution and bylaws (Official FFA Manual). The student must also personally own or
have access to the officially Future Farmers of America manual and the Future Farmers of America
student handbook. And lastly, the student must have a written application for the Green Hand Future
Farmers of America Degree. The award ceremony, the banquet comes to a closing until the
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