urinary tract infection during pregnancy

urinary tract infection during pregnancy-OBG-COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY

1. urinary tract infection (UTI ) DURING PREGNANCY PRESENTED BY SRIDEVI DEVARAJ Asst.Lecturer KCON

2. DEFINITION Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects the parts of urinary system. UTIs limited to the bladder can be painful and annoying.

3. Parts of the urinary tract

4. PREGNANCY AND URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS: CHANGES IN THE URINARY SYSTEM DURING PREGNANCY Kidney enlargement Compression of the ureters and bladder Incomplete emptying of the bladder The urine is not as acidic It contains more sugars, protein, and hormones

5. TYPES OF UTI IN PREGNANCY Asymptomatic bacteriuria Silent (without symptoms) infection Caused by bacteria present in the woman's system before pregnancy May lead to pyelonephritis if left untreated.

6. Acute urethritis or cystitis It is an infection of the bladder or urethra. Symptoms including Pain or burning with urination, Frequent urination, Feeling of needing to urinate, and Fever.

7. PYELONEPHRITIS A bacterial infection of the kidney Signs & symptoms Flank (back) pain Pain or burning with urination, Frequent urination, urge to urinate, and Fever May lead to preterm labor, severe infection, and adult respiratory distress syndrome.

8. The most common causative organism of UTI Escherichia coli (E. Coli) Other organisms may also cause UTI Group B streptococcus, and sexually transmitted gonorrhea and chlamydia.

9. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS A strong, persistent urge to urinate A burning sensation when urinating Passing frequent, small amounts of urine Blood in the urine (hematuria) or cloudy, strong-smelling urine

10. COMPLICATIONS Septicemia ARDS Renal abscess and scarring Preterm labour and delivery Increased perinatal morbidity and mortality DIC

11. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION History collection Physical examination Urine examination reveals : RBC , pus cells and bacteria Hb, TC and DC, C – reactive protein Blood culture Urine : smear , culture and antibiotic sensitivity Renal function test

12. TREATMENT: Admission to hospital Complete bed rest Intravenous fluids Intravenous antibiotics Antipyretics Continuation of treatment with oral antibiotics for at least 2 weeks

13. Antibiotics For 7 to 10 days Ampillicin 500 mg qid Nitrofurantoin 100 mg qid Cephalexin 500 mg tid Amoxicillin – Clavulanic acid 375 mg tid In case of recurrent infection, Nitrofurantoin 50mg or Amoxycillin 250mg at night to continue till delivery

14. PREVENTION OF UTI Drink plenty of liquids Urinate promptly Avoid potentially irritating feminine products [ Antiseptic creams, feminine hygiene sprays, and powders.] Keep the genital area clean