Value Education

Value based education for students

1. MC19301 VALUE EDUCATION

2. SYLLABUS

3. UNIT – I PERSONAL VALUES Value Education – Definition, Types of values; Human values - Respect, Acceptance, Consideration, Appreciation, Listening, Openness, Affection, Patience, Honesty, Forgiveness, Sacrifice, Authenticity, Self Control, Altruism, Tolerance and Understanding, Wisdom, Decision making, Self –actualization, Character formation towards positive Personality, Contentment; -Religious Values -Humility, Sympathy and Compassion, Gratitude. Peace, Justice, Freedom, Equality.

4. TECHNICAL TERMS Respect - Respect  is a way of treating or thinking about something or someone. Acceptance - Acceptance  means agreeing to receive something or the act of receiving it.  Consideration - careful thought, typically over a period of time. Appreciation - appreciation  refers to the recognition or admiration of something.  Listening - Listening  means paying attention Openness - lack of restriction and accessibility. An  example of openness  is someone who's always trying something new.

5. Cont: Wisdom – the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgement and the quality of being wise. Humility – Humility  is the quality of being humble. Contentment – a state of happiness and satisfaction. Gratitude – feeling of being thankful and appreciative. Sympathy – feeling sadness for other people or the act of expressing

6. Definition Human values are universal and are important considerations to take into account, when interacting with other people. Human values play a great role in establishing peace and protecting society. Human values refers to orientations towards which is considered desirable by people living in society.

7. Concept of Human values Human values emerges due to two factors: From the society Due to one’s own awareness, choice and judgment The principle branches of human learning (values) are: biology psychology social science ethics metaphysics

8. Five core Human values Truth Love Peace Right conduct (do good, see good and be good) Non-violence It is easier to discern human values by examining behaviour. Actions are based on choices Choices are made by the mind The mind is guided by what its values Values are the guidelines for behaviour

9. Type of Human values

10. Types of values Value is a standard. A value may be described as an emotional attitude, which motivates a person directly or indirectly to act in the most desirable way preferred by him or her. Values regulate and guide human behaviour and action in our day to daily life. Values are formed on the basis of interests, choices, needs, desires and preferences. Values involve the processes of thinking, knowing/understanding feelings and action.

11. Cont: Kane (1962) states “Values are the ideals, beliefs, or norms which a society or the large majority of a society’s members hold.” According to Cuber (1962), “Values are ideas and beliefs which people cherish. These ideas contain or express the judgement which people have, of the relative importance of things.” M.P. Hunt (1975) looks at values, “as a judgement concerning the worth of an object, person, group or situation. Value judgement contains evaluative rating terms, such as good, bad, moral, immoral, beautiful, ugly etc.”

12. Types of values Personal Values Social Values Moral Values Spiritual Values Cultural Values Ethical Values Behavioural Values Instrumental Values Intrinsic Values Aesthetic Values Democratic Values

13. Personal Values Personal Values are personal to an individual both in terms of their possession and their use. These values make a person good for himself. Examples: ambition, cleanliness, discipline, honesty, loyalty, contentment, courage, creativity, determination, dignity of labour , diligence, excellence, hope, maturity, regularity, punctuality, self-confidence, self-motivation, simplicity, accomplishment, purity etc.

14. Social Values Social values are certain behaviours and beliefs that are shared within specific cultures and social groups. It imposes the interaction of two or more persons. Social values are always practised in relation to our neighbours , community, society, nation and world. Examples: friendship, gratitude, hospitality, justice, love, patience, repentance, responsibility, service, sharing, sympathy, team spirit, tolerance etc.

15. Moral Values Moral values are those values that enable an individual in making a distinction between right and wrong and good and bad etc. It particularly refer to the conduct of man towards man in the various situations in which human beings come together. Example: fairness, justice, equality, human dignity, honesty, sense of responsibility etc.

16. Spiritual Values Spiritual values are eternal and they do not change. They are real ideas. Examples: truth, beauty, goodness, unity, pure, love, joy, self-giving, contentment, wisdom, self-discipline, devotion to God, etc.

17. Cultural Values Cultural values are the standards of what is acceptable or unacceptable, important or unimportant, right or wrong in a community or society. They maintain the integrity of language, behaviour , and traditional rites. Examples: hospitality, codes of conduct, social order, tolerance, gentleness, non-violence, love etc.

18. Ethical Values Ethical values are a set of moral principles that apply to a specific group of people, professional field or form of human conduct and interaction. A person with ethical values can be trusted and will be respected and revered. These relate to our personal behaviour with our fellow beings. Among these we include values like honesty and truth etc. All moral values are also covered under ethical values.

19. Behavioural Values Behavioural values refer to all good manner that are needed to make our life successful and joyous. They are those values which will express our conduct and behaviour in our daily life. Example: cordiality, integrity, trustworthy, kindness, loyalty etc.

20. Instrumental Values Instrumental values are such values that are useful in deriving some other benefit through them such as economic gain or an increase in status. Example: education, political power etc. Instrumental values include preparatory or introductory, practical or utilitarian, socialising and conventional values.

21. Intrinsic Values Intrinsic values are such values that are pursued and possessed for their own sake. It refers to the value of an object has solely by virtue of its ‘intrinsic properties’. Intrinsic values are said to be inherent in themselves. They are supposed to be invaluable in an absolute sense. Examples: goodness, beauty, artistic expression, happiness, truth and bliss. They themselves are the ends and not the means for achieving some other end.

22. Aesthetic Values Values which give us pleasure and happiness are known as aesthetic values. To intensify appreciation, to strain and alert every sensitivity to a full appreciation of a value is to treat it as an aesthetic value. Things and activities which gives joys of beauty are aesthetic values. Example: beauty, taste, architecture, calligraphy and literature.

23. Democratic Values A person with democratic outlook is characterized by – respect for individuality, equal treatment to all, irrespective of their sex, caste, language, religion, colour , race, family status etc. ensuring equal social, political and religious rights to all, impartiality and social justice and respect for the democratic institutions.

24. RESPECT: You speak politely and don’t hurt people feelings by saying unkind things or making fun of them. You should have good manners and care about other people. You treat others fairly and you think it is good to share. Here are a few ideas: Don’t insult people Listen to others when they speak Value other peoples opinions Be considerate of people’s likes and dislikes Be sensitive to other people feelings Don’t pressure someone to do something he or she doesn’t want to do.

25. Cont: In addition to the list above, here are some ways we can respect people who are different from us. Try to learn something from other person Show interest and appreciation for others peoples culture and backgrounds. Don’t go along with prejudices and racist attitudes.

26. Acceptance Natural acceptance  is process to understand ourselves first.  Natural acceptance  implies unconditional and total  acceptance  of the self, people and environment. It also refers to the absence of any exception from others. In other words,  Natural acceptance  is way to accept the good things naturally.

27. Basis of characteristics of natural acceptance Natural acceptance does not change with time .  It does not depend on the place .    It does not depend on our beliefs or past conditionings.  This natural acceptance is ‘constantly there’, something we can refer to .    Natural acceptance is the same for all of us: it is part and parcel of every human being, it is part of humanness .

28. consideration The  consideration , based on the main line of "moral feeling", with purpose of " learning  to care for others“ Consideration is the backbone of all promises.

29. Appreciation A feeling or expression of admiration, approval , or gratitude Judgment, Evaluation Sensitive awareness.

30. Listening The process of receiving , constructing meaning from , and responding to spoken and /or nonverbal messages ; to hear something with thoughtful attention.

31. Openness The tendency to appreciate new art , ideas, values, feelings and behaviors. An Openness to adventures and trying new things.

32. Affection Affection is a state of mind or body that of often associated with a feeling or type of love It is popularly used to denote a feeling or type of love, amounting to more than goodwill or friendship

33. Patience Patience is the ability to tolerate waiting , delay, or frustration without becoming agitated or upset. It is ability to be able to control your emotions or impulses and proceed calmly when faced with difficulties.

34. Honesty Telling the truth. You explain what really happened. Spreading rumours . Cheating or Stealing.

35. Forgiveness Forgiveness is of greater importance than most people realize. The body , mind and soul are each affected by both forgiveness and un forgiveness. We cannot maintain a normal life without the ability to forgive. We can forgive , it really doesn’t matter who is right or wrong on an issue.

36. Sacrifice It is an act of giving up something valued for the sake of something else regarding as more important or worthy.

37. Authenticity An authentic text is a stretch of real language produced by a real speaker or writer for a real audience and designed to convey a real message of some sort.

38. Self control It is the ability to control one’s emotions over things that are way too much to bear. It is the capacity of a person to permeate goodness instead of otherwise. It is the projection of pure discipline and maturity. Controlling our ANGER Controlling our ADDICTIONS

39. Altruism Altruism  is characterized by selflessness and concern for the well-being of others. Those who possess this quality typically put others first and truly care about the people around them, whether they have a personal tie to them or not. Altruism  refers to behavior that benefits another individual at a cost to oneself. For  example , giving your lunch away is  altruistic  because it helps someone who is hungry, but at a cost of being hungry yourself.

40. Tolerance Tolerance means being accepting of others. Being kind to people who are different from you. Accepting of others opinions and beliefs. Listen and react appropriately.

41. Understanding Understanding self represents the sum total of people’s conscious perception of their identify as distinct from others . It is not a static phenomenon, but continuous to develop & change throughout our lives.

42. Wisdom Wisdom is knowledge applied. A response to what is actual and ultimately real. It gives our lives significance and meaning It produces something good that maintains and upholds what is ideally perfect. If something is broken, wisdom repairs it. If something is needed, wisdom invents it.

43. Decision making It is the process of recognizing a problem , generating an weighing alternatives , coming to a decision , taking action, and assessing the results. All decisions carry risks and rewards as well as being based on uncertainly.

44. Self actualization It occurs when a person is able to take full advantage of his or her talents while being mindful of his or her limitations. The self-actualizing person is someone who is generally strongly focused on problems outside of themselves .

45. Character formation towards positive personality Accept responsibility Consideration Think win – win Choose your words carefully Don’t criticize & complain Smile & be kind Put positive interpretation on other people’s behavior Be a good listener Be Enthusiastic Give honest and sincere appreciation

46. Contentment Feeling of happiness in life circumstances. Feeling of satisfaction.

47. Religious Values Religious values  define what people expect of themselves and of others based on the beliefs common to the  religions  they practice. Such  values represent  the core principles that guide daily decision making. They help people determine which actions to take, and to make judgments about right or wrong and good or bad. Examples of religious values include: Showing  compassion  to those in need. Treating others as one would like to be treated. Continually learning and growing both spiritually and intellectually. Being modest in your relations with others. Being respectful and nonviolent when interacting with others.

48. Humility Humble character Self – reflection as a tool for personal and professional growth. Risk and rewards of an open ,humble leadership style. Characteristics of Humility: They acknowledge they don't have it all together. ... They know the difference between  self - confidence  and pride. ... They seek to add value to others. ... They take  responsibility  for their actions. ... They understand the shadow side of success. ... They are filled with  gratitude  for what they have.

49. Sympathy When you feel sorry for someone or their circumstances, but may not necessarily understand what they are going through . Sympathy is feeling bad for someone else because of something that has happened to them. We often talk about it and feel sympathetic when someone has died, or something bad has happened, saying 'Give them my sympathy', or 'I really feel for them'. The difference in meaning is usually explained with some variation of the following: sympathy is when you share the feelings of another; empathy is when you understand the feelings of another but do not necessarily share them.

50. Compassion The  meaning  of  compassion  is to recognize the suffering of others and then take action to help.  Compassion  embodies a tangible expression of love for those who are suffering. Whether you're interacting with a friend, colleague, peer, patient, or family member, here are some ways you can demonstrate your compassion. Start with Yourself. ... Communicate Verbally and Non-verbally. ... Touch (if appropriate). ... Encourage Others. ... Express Yourself. ... Show Kindness. ... Respect Privacy. ... Learn How To Advocate.

51. Gratitude Gratitude means  thanks and appreciation. ...  Gratitude , which rhymes with "attitude," comes from the Latin word gratus , which  means  "thankful, pleasing." When you feel  gratitude , you're pleased by what someone  did  for you and also pleased by the results.  6 Unusual and Powerful Ways to Show Gratitude Write a poem. You don't have to spend a lot of money to make someone feel appreciated. ... Do it over time. Saying thanks is powerful but transitory. ... Take the time to write. ... Use the original social media. ... Give the gift of time. ... Be specific.

52. Peace Peace  is a stress-free state of security and calmness that comes when there's no fighting or war, everything coexisting in perfect harmony and freedom. When you feel at  peace  with yourself, you are content to be the person you are, flaws and everything. The eight pillars of peace should be addressed simultaneously, as much as possible: a well-functioning government a sound business environment an equitable distribution of resources an acceptance of the rights of others good relations with neighbors free  flow  of information a high level of human capital

53. Justice Justice  is a concept on ethics and law that means that people behave in a way that is fair, equal and balanced for everyone. Keeping in view the various concept of  justice ,  justice  may be classified into certain  kinds , namely natural  justice , economic  justice   social  justice , political  justice , legal  justice , distributive  justice  and corrective  justice .

54. Freedom Freedom , generally, is having the ability to act or change without constraint. Something is "free" if it can change easily and is not constrained in its present state. The following are illustrative examples of freedoms. The Right to Life. The right to live. The Right to  Human  Dignity. The right to physical, psychological and social  integrity  and empowerment. Integrity  of the Person. ... Freedom of Speech. ... Freedom from Bondage and Slavery. ... Freedom of  Movement . ... Right to Security. ... Privacy.

55. Equality Equality  is about ensuring that every individual has an equal opportunity to make the most of their lives and talents. It is also the belief that no one should have poorer life chances because of the way they were born, where they come from, what they believe, or whether they have a disability. Kinds of Equality: (1) Social Equality: Social equality means that all the citizens are entitled to enjoy equal status in society and no one is entitled to special privileges. (2)  Civil  Equality: Secondly, we have the concept of  Civil  Liberty. ... (3) Political Equality: ... (4) Economic Equality: ... (5) Equality of Opportunity and Education:

56. Thank You