verbal lesson for scholarship of science

lecture lesson

1. NON VERBAL REASONING Solutions and Techniques by: Florinelle F.

2. 1. Which one is identical to this figure? A. B. C. D.

3. 1. Which one is identical to this figure? A. B. C. D. Choose a starting point and move in clockwise direction. Take note of the sequence. Let’s say black square as our starting point and move it in clockwise direction. black – corner – white – corner – corner – black V V V V 1 2 3 4 5

4. 2. Which box contains the same shape as the top series? A. B. C. D.

5. 2. Which box contains the same shape as the top series? A. B. C. D. Draw an arrow in clockwise direction. Take note where the tail and head of the arrow. In the figure, you observe that the tail is pinned on the triangular end and the head is on the square end

6. 3. Which of the following frames completes the pattern? A. B. C. D.

7. 3. Which of the following frames completes the pattern? A. 1122112 B. 1112221 C. 2112212 D. 1112122 Write down sequence and observe redundant set. Since there are only 2 sections, assign 1 for the upper part and 2 for the lower part. 121221 1 1 121221 Highlighted in yellow are redundant, meaning text in bold is the sequence. To answer the question, continue the sequence up to 7 digits. 121221 1 1 121221 1112122

8. 4. Which of the following frames does not belong to the group? A. B. C. D.

9. 4. Which of the following frames does not belong to the group? A. B. C. D. Draw a line in between. Check if both sides are balance

10. 5. A three-dimensional object is shown. Which front side view is correct? Front view A. B. C. D.

11. 5. A three-dimensional object is shown. Which front side view is correct? 1 2 3 4 Front view A. B. C. D. 2 1 3 4 Start from the easiest which is the flat surface. Start with marking the top, bottom and side for reference. Then find flat surface/s. Trace. Then check choices for possible elimination.

12. 6. Which of the four figures below is the result when the figure is folded along the dotted lines? A. B. C. D.

13. 6. Which of the four figures below is the result when the figure is folded along the dotted lines? A. B. C. D. In questions like this, apply elimination. Choose a reference figure/shape. Choose colored circle as reference. Confirm top and left Confirm 3 adjacent on left side Confirm 2 adjacent on bottom right Confirm single on bottom left

14. 7. Which of the four choices below is the rotated version of the given figure? A. B. C. D.

15. 7. Which of the four choices below is the rotated version of the given figure? A. B. C. D. For 3D blocks. Select 2 points as reference. Let’s choose the 2 upward blocks. When facing the intersection, in front is the 3-level upward block and on the right side is the 2-level upward block.

16. 8. If you rotate the given figure, which of the following will be the result? A. B. C. D.

17. 8. If you rotate the given figure, which of the following will be the result? A. B. C. D. Select 2 (or more) consecutive figure as reference in clockwise direction. Let’s choose colored circle and colored square as reference. Apply elimination.

18. 9. Which is the next figure in the series? A. B. C. D.

19. 9. Which is the next figure in the series? A. B. C. D. Check shape and color sequence. Upon observing the shapes on 1st figure, sequence from inner to outer is TRIANGLE – CIRCLE – SQUARE. And shade sequence is WHITE – BLACK – WHITE. In the last figure, innermost is white square and outermost is white circle. So the next figure will be black circle as innermost and black triangle as outermost . Middle shape and shade of the previous becomes the outermost of the next figure. Outermost shape of the previous becomes the innermost of the next figure. Apply shade sequence.

20. 10. Which cube cannot be made based on the unfolded cube? A. B. C. D.

21. 10. Which cube cannot be made based on the unfolded cube? Face1 Face2 A. B. C. D. Remember this: Face 1 and Face 2 can not be adjacent with each other.. They will be on the opposite sides when folded. No circle must be adjacent, only triangle.

22. 11. Which of the answer cubes is the original cube rotated in any direction? A. B. C. D.

23. 11. Which of the answer cubes is the original cube rotated in any direction? A. B. C. D. For cube problems, since there are only maximum of 3 open faces. Use your 3 middle fingers. Using your right hand, point your middle finger on diamond, ring finger on circle and index finger on the rectangle. (Take note that the rectangle is pointing away from the circle.)

24. 12. Which of the following frames completes the pattern? A. B. C. D.

25. 12. Which of the following frames completes the pattern? 1 2 3 A. B. C. D. Start with choosing the row or column with the lowest number of missing pattern. Observe some complete patterns. Check top row. There are only 2 alternate patterns but are flipped vertically on the next sequence. Observe bottom row. There are only 2 alternate patterns but are flipped vertically on the next sequence. Start with the missing pattern with minimal elements of pattern. Row of missing pattern 3. Check the first 2 patterns, then flipped them for the next sequence. Apply elimination in the choices. If there remains more than 1, choose another missing pattern and apply elimination and so on.

26. 13. Two pieces of the cube puzzle with three adjacent faces in each piece are shown and to be used to form a cube. Each face is drawn with figure different to other sides. Which view fits to the arrangement of the symbol when the cube is assembled? A. B. C. D.

27. 13. Two pieces of the cube puzzle with three adjacent faces in each piece are shown and to be used to form a cube. Each face is drawn with figure different to other sides. Which view fits to the arrangement of the symbol when the cube is assembled? A. B. C. D. For such question, remember this: A dice has only 3 maximum open faces. The only combination will be, ANY 2 CONSECUTIVE FACES FROM 1 PIECE AND 1 CORNER FACE OF THE OTHER PIECE.

28. A three-dimensional object is shown. Which top side view is correct? Top view A. B. C. D.

29. A three-dimensional object is shown. Which top side view is correct? Top view 2 1 3 4 A. B. C. D. 1 2 3 4 Start from the easiest which is the flat surface. Find flat surface/s. Trace. Then check choices for possible elimination.

30. 15. Create a three-dimensional object out of the two given views below. Front view Right side view A. B. C. D.

31. 15. Create a three-dimensional object out of the two given views below. Front view Right side view A. B. C. D. Check front view, then check choices for possible elimination. If there remains more than 1, check the right side view.

32. 16. Which of the four choices below is the rotated version of the given figure? A. B. C. D.

33. 16. Which of the four choices below is the rotated version of the given figure? A. B. C. D. For 3D blocks. Select 2 points as reference. Use directional arrow to remember points.

34. 17. If you rotate the given figure, which of the following will be the result? A. B. C. D.

35. 17. If you rotate the given figure, which of the following will be the result? A. B. C. D. Check shapes and shade inside the hexagon. Remember sequence in clockwise direction. White square – black triangle – black circle

36. 18. Which is the next figure in the series? A. B. C. D.

37. 18. Which is the next figure in the series? A. B. C. D. Start with observing the complete patterns. Check shapes, shade and position In top row, circles are always present. Shapes and shade are alternately positioned and applied. In bottom row, assume square is always present like circle in the top row. Shapes and shade too are alternately positioned and applied.

38. 19. Which of the four choices is the result when the figure is cut by a plane as shown below? A. B. C. D.

39. 19. Which of the four choices is the result when the figure is cut by a plane as shown below? A. B. C. D. Top view of this figure looks like a rectangle with 3 equal parts. That when you cut or eliminate a stair level, its area merges with the next stair level’s area. So now, there will only be 2 parts in the rectangle. One part is twice the area of the other. (or larger than the other)

40. 20. Which of the four choices is the result when the figure is cut by a plane as shown below? A. B. C. D.

41. 20. Which of the four choices is the result when the figure is cut by a plane as shown below? A. B. C. D. When cut, stairs will be eliminated and will be replaced by inclined flat surface.

42. 21. Which figure is a rotation of the object? A. B. C. D.

43. 21. Which figure is a rotation of the object? A. B. C. D. Check position of the figure showing its reference. Position: Lower left side of the top square.

44. 22. Which figure is a rotation of the given object? A. B. C. D.

45. 22. Which figure is a rotation of the given object? A. B. C. D. 3-level right side right side Look for possible reference point/s. Take note of the position. Lets say a 2-level stair-like shape is at the left side of the given figure. Apply elimination. If there remains more than 1, check the right side.

46. 23. Which cube cannot be made based on the unfolded cube? A. B. C. D.

47. 23. Which cube cannot be made based on the unfolded cube? A. B. C. D. For cube problems, since there are only maximum of 3 open faces. Use your 3 middle fingers. (always use middle finger on the top of the cube) Assign fingers to faces of the cubes in each of the choices. Check with given unfolded cube.

48. Which figure is a rotation of the object? A. B. C. D.

49. Which figure is a rotation of the object? A. B. C. D. For figure rotation questions, always assign reference point/shape. In this case, let the line with a head serve as your reference. Since there are only 2 shaded shape inside the circle, take note of its sequence and relation to your reference. From the lower tip of the reference , there’s a sequence of shaded star and shaded triangle in clockwise direction.

50. 25. Which figure is a top-down view of the given shape? A. B. C. D.

51. 25. Which figure is a top-down view of the given shape? 1 2 4 5 3 A. B. C. D. Start from the easiest which is the flat surface. Find flat surface/s. Trace. Then check choices for possible elimination. OR you can check relation of 1 face to its adjacent face. Example, face 1 is parallel to face 2 which are both rectangle Face 4 is at the right side of face 1. Face 3 open area is at the corner parallel to face 1 and 2. Face 5 is connected to face 2 and 4.

52. 26. Which figure fits the given object, in order to make a square? A. B. C. D.

53. 26. Which figure fits the given object, in order to make a square? A. B. C. D. Study the figure. Draw a line extending all the side sides At the left side of the figure, there is a 3-step stair-like shape with rectangular steps. To fill in this, you need an inverted 2-step stair like shape with rectangular steps. Apply elimination. If there remains more than 1 in the choices, check the other side. At the right side, there is a square space not parallel to the space on the left side. Apply elimination. And so on.

54. 27. Which figure fits the given object, in order to make a square? A. B. C. D.

55. 27. Which figure fits the given object, in order to make a square? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A. B. C. D. Study the figure. Draw a line extending all the side sides to form a square. You can do any of the following: Count how many inner sides does it have. In this case, there are 9. Among the choices, A is eliminated, it has 10 Upon checking position of the missing piece in the given figure, B is eliminated. When rotated, it won’t form into a square. Check the measurement of the inner sides. Since majority is shorter, let us check the longer sides. – 2,8,9. C is eliminated because its corresponding line 2 is short.

56. 28. Which cube cannot be made based on the unfolded cube? A. B. C. D.

57. 28. Which cube cannot be made based on the unfolded cube? A. B. C. D. For cube problems, since there are only maximum of 3 open faces. Use your 3 middle fingers. (always use middle finger on the top of the cube) Assign fingers to faces of the cubes in each of the choices. Check with given unfolded cube.

58. 29. Which piece corresponds to the given solid? A. B. C. D.

59. 29. Which piece corresponds to the given solid? A. B. C. D. Study the figure. Count how many faces does the given figure has. Check for additional observations if needed. For the choices, treat broken lines as side of a face. There are 8 faces – 6 sides, top and bottom. A – 7 faces B – 7 faces D – misplaced portion (it won’t be able to cover one side)

60. Which figure is a rotation of the object? A. B. C. D.

61. Which figure is a rotation of the object? A. B. C. D. Select reference point. A shaded square is seated at the left corner wing of the 3D letter T. Apply elimination. In A, it is spotted at the bottom of left wing. In D, it is on the right wing. In B and C, as seen, they are both located in the left corner wing. BUT , the given figure doesn’t show what is on its left side, we don’t know what’s in there. In C, it shows the left side, we can’t conclude that without basis.

62. Which piece corresponds to the given solid? A. B. C. D.

63. Which piece corresponds to the given solid? A. B. C. D. Study the figure. One face shows an intersection of 2 lines coming from the top and right side A, B and D don’t show 1 side of the given figure and don’t show continuous line when folded.

64. 32. Which piece corresponds to the given solid? A. B. C. D.

65. 32. Which piece corresponds to the given solid? A. B. C. D. Study the figure. Observe. Count the number of shapes drawn within the unfolded sheet. Treat broken lines as side of a shape. Check for additional observations if needed. Figure has 8 faces. Top face of the horizontal rectangle has a line drawn in the center parallel to its longer side. Vertical rectangle has a line drawn in the center parallel to the its longer side intersected by 2 horizontal lines. A – doesn’t prove Fact 3 B – doesn’t prove Fact 2 C – doesn’t prove Fact 1

66. 33. Which object can be made by folding the given shape? A. B. C. D.

67. 33. Which object can be made by folding the given shape? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A. B. C. D. Study the figure. Observe. Count the number of shapes drawn within the unfolded sheet. Treat broken lines as side of a shape. There are 10 shapes (faces) A – 8 faces only B – 14 faces D – 8 faces

68. 34. Which figure can be formed with the given pieces? A. B. C. D.

69. 34. Which figure can be formed with the given pieces? A. B. C. D. a b 2a b 2a b 2b 2a a 2b Check sides with equal measurements. Eliminate A. 2b is not equal to b+2a Eliminate B. b is not equal to 2a Eliminate D for shape redundancy.

70. 35. To which object that the given top view correspond? A. B. C. D.

71. 35. To which object that the given top view correspond? A. B. C. D. Study the figure. Check for reference point or shape. Let’s say CIRCLE as our reference. Observe its position and relation to other shapes. Circle is positioned in the corner of the middle square and in between the inner corner of the larger and small square. B – a rectangle is present C – no circle D – circle is not in the center

72. 36. Which figure is a vertical reflection across the x axis? A. B. C. D.

73. 36. Which figure is a vertical reflection across the x axis? A. B. C. D. Vertical Reflection on x-axis. You flip all figures vertically. From up to down or from down to up. - the arrow pointing lower left becomes arrow pointing upper left 2. Reverse its arrangement through x-axis. Topmost row becomes the lowest row, lowest row becomes the topmost.

74. 37. Which cube can be formed by folding the given shape? A. B. C. D.

75. 37. Which cube can be formed by folding the given shape? A. B. C. D. For cube problems, since there are only maximum of 3 open faces. Use your 3 middle fingers. (always use middle finger on the top of the cube) Missing half circle No blank face No face with only half circle is present