Virology: study of virus

khushbu's Microbiology: education website

1. VIROLOGY Presented by: Khushbu’s Microbiology

2. Virology : known as a study of viruses – submicroscopic, parasitic particles of genetic material contained in a protein coat & virus-like agent Focuses on : structure, classification and evolution, their ways to infect and exploit  host   cells  for reproduction, their interaction with host organism physiology and immunity, the diseases they cause, the techniques to isolate and culture them, and their use in research and therapy. Virology is a subfield of  microbiology . A major branch of virology is  virus classification . DEFINATION

3.   Viruses can be classified according to the host cell they infect:  animal viruses ,   plant viruses ,   bacteriophages  (viruses infecting  bacteria , which include the most complex viruses). CLASSIFICATION

4. The most useful and most widely used classification system distinguishes viruses according to the type of  nucleic acid   Nucleic Acid as genetic material and the  viral replication  method they employ to coax host cells into producing more viruses: DNA viruses   :   01 double-stranded DNA viruses : 02 single-stranded DNA viruses RNA viruses   : O1 positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses , 02   negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses   03   double-stranded RNA viruses reverse transcribing  viruses 01 double-stranded reverse-transcribing DNA viruses   02 single-stranded reverse-transcribing RNA viruses  including  retroviruses DNA & RNA based Virus Classification

5. Animal viruses   are viruses that infect animals. Viruses infect all cellular life and although viruses infect every animal, plant, fungus and protist species, each has its own specific range of viruses that often infect only that species . Animal Virus

6. Plant viruses  : viruses  that affect  plants . obligate   intracellular parasites   Do not have the molecular machinery to  replicate  without a  host . Pathogenic   to   higher plants . Pepper mild mottle virus   ( PMMoV ) is a plant pathogenic virus

7.   Bacteriophage   : informally as a known as a   phage   infects and replicates within:   bacteria  and  archaea . C omposed: proteins   encapsulate   a   DNA   or RNA   genome , Structures: simple or elaborate. The structure of a typical  myovirus  bacteriophage

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