vital sign on temperature ; handwashing

This is helpful for nursing students.vital sign is most important topic in fundamental of nursing.

1. VITAL SIGN VITAL SIGN DEFINITION VITAL SIGNS ARE WHEN TO ACCESS VITAL SIGN BODY TEMPERATURE Temperature depends on when ;where ; and in whom? TYPES OF THERMOMETER METHOD OF TEMPERATURE HAND WASHING TECHNIQUES CLEANING OF THE THERMOMETER HOW TO CONVERT TEMPERATURE FROM FAHRENHEIT TO CELSIUS

2. Vital sign Vital sign is a measurement through this we know about level of health. Vital sign is also known as cardinal sign Vital signs are – Respiration Body temperature Blood pressure Pain Pulse Blood oxygen What is the sequence of vital sign in adult – TPR (Temperature , pulse ,respiration) What is the sequence of vital sign in newborn baby – RPT (Respiration ,pulse, Temperature)

3. When to assess vital signs - vital signs will be assess on the patient admission time During physical examination Before and after any diagnostic and surgical procedure Monitoring during recovery It will be assess in any emergency medical condition

4. Body Temperature Body temperature is a measurement of heat present in human body The average body temperature depends on your age A balance between heat production and heat loss Our internal body temperature is regulated by a part of our brain called hypothalamus . hypothalamus checks our current temperature and compares it with the normal temperature of about 37 °c .if our body temperature Is too low ; the hypothalamus makes sure that the body generate maintain heat. when to measure Body temperature? ans – you would likely measure your body temperature if you feel your body hotter than usual Route of Body temperature --- --there are four ways to take body temperature. Axillary Temperature Tympanic Temperature Rectal Temperature Oral Temperature

5. Temperature depends on when ; where;and in whom? Age Sex Food and fluid consumption Time of day The stages of the menstrual cycle Sites of measurement stress Site of temt . Body temperature Time Duration 1 Axillary Temperature 97.6 °F (36.4c For 5 minutes 2 Oral Temperature 98.6°F (37°c) For 2-3 minutes 3 Rectal Temperature 99.6 °F (37°C) For 2 minutes 4 Tympanic Temperature 98.6°F 2-3 second

6. Types of Thermometer Digital Electronic – To be used for oral ,rectal ,axillary Thermos can Digital –To be used for tympanic Mercury or glass- To be used for oral ,rectal ,axillary THERMOSCAN DIGITAL DIGITAL ELECTRONIC MERCURY OR GLASS

7. Axillary Method – (under the armpit) The method is usually used to check for fever in newborns and young children. procedure- Place the tip of the thermometer in the centre of the armpit Tuck your child’s arm closely against their body Leave the thermometer in place for 1 minute, until you hear a ‘beep’ sound Remove the thermometer and read the temperature. always wash hands before and after procedure and clean thermometer

8. Oral method(in the mouth) The mouth method can be used for children who are older than 5 years of age It is not recommended for children younger than 5 years of age ,because it is hard for them to hold the thermometer under their tongue for long time Procedure- carefully place the tip of the thermometer under your child’s tongue With your child’s mouth closed ,leave the thermometer in place for about 1 minute until you hear the‘beep ’ sound Remove the thermometer and read the temperature. always wash hands before and after procedure and clean thermometer

9. Rectal method (in the rectum ) Procedure – Cover the silver tip with petroleum jelly (such as Vaseline) For baby face –up with legs bent toward the chest with your hand against the back of the thighs Gently insert the thermometer in the rectum ,about 2.5cm (1inch);holding it in place with your fingers leave the thermometer in place for about 1 minute until you hear the ‘ beep ’ sound Remove the thermometer and read the temperature. always wash hands before and after procedure and clean thermometer

10. Tympanic Thermometer- It is used to measure ear temperature It takes about 2-3 seconds for accurate reading Procedure- Positioning the pinna correctly straightens the auditory canal so the probe will point directly at the tympanic membrane Infants under 1 year pull pinna straight back Infants over 1 year and adults pull pinna up and back. always wash hands before and after procedure and clean thermometer

11. Handwashing techniques

12. Cleaning of thermometer- Before use: take a cotton swab and wipe the thermometer from the bulb to stem of the thermometer After use : wipe the thermometer with a cotton swab from stem to bulb To covert Fahrenheit to Celsius - c=(F- 32)× 5/9