Water_Supplies made by a secondary school student.pptx

Water_Supplies made by a secondary school student.pptx

1. Geology L.O.2

2. Water supplies There are six ways to increase the supply of water to a community withdrawing water from groundwater aquifers withdrawing water directly from nearby rivers or lakes; building dams to create reservoirs to store runoff; improving the efficiency of water use through water conservation transporting water from a distant area by means of aqueducts, and converting salt water to fresh water

3. Surface water

4. Surface Water and Dams Surface water comes from large lakes or reservoirs. Dams help store water and prevent floods but have downsides: Displace wildlife. Cover cropland. Disrupt fish migration. Fill with sediment over time.

5. Dams Advantages Dams are useful for providing water source and controlling floods Disadvantages Reservoirs behind dams displace wildlife and people Dams can disrupt the natural migration of fish. Over time, sediment slowly fills up the reservoir. This leaves less room for water

6. Groundwater

7. Aquifers

8. Aquifers (Groundwater) Aquifer: A porous rock/sediment layer that stores groundwater. Unconfined aquifer: Connected to the surface, recharged by surface water. Confined aquifer: Separated by an impermeable layer; recharge happens far away. Overuse can lead to land subsidence (e.g., Edwards Air Force Base, CA).

9. Aqueducts Aqueducts transport water from regions of abundance to areas with shortages. Example: Northern California supplies Southern California via aqueducts. Gravity is often used, but some systems require powerful pumps.

10. Distillation Desalination converts seawater to fresh water. Common in arid countries (e.g., Saudi Arabia). Still expensive but becoming more viable with new technologies.

11. Water Conservation Water conservation extends the available supply without developing new sources. Reducing water usage ensures more supply for future growth.

12. Water Budgets A water budget is an accounting of water sources and demands. Helps identify potential supply issues and optimize water use. Varies based on rainfall, groundwater levels, and river flow.

13. Water Conservation Water conservation extends the available supply without developing new sources. Reducing water usage ensures more supply for future growth.

14. If you have any questions ask Yahia