WBC formation and regulation.pptx

This PPT only for study purposes

1. WBC Formation and Regulation Dr. Pandian M. Assistant Professor Dept. of Physiology ZMCH, Dahod.

2. Regulation of Leucopoiesis Leucopoiesis is mainly regulated by cytokines, especially, colony stimulating factors (CSFs), interleukins and tumor necrosis factors (TNFs). T lymphocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, liver and kidney are the major sources of hemopoietic growth factors (HGFs)

3. Conditions that alter different cell counts

4. Neutrophilia A . Physiological l. Exercise 2. Pregnancy 3. Parturition 4. Food intake 5. Emotional stress 6. Exposure to cold

5. B. Pathological 1. Acute pyogenic infections, for e.g , tonsillitis , pneumonia 2. Noninfective inflammations, for e.g , rheumatic fever 3. Noninflammatory conditions, for e.g , myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism · 4. Acute hemorrhage 5. Muscle trauma, for e.g , following surgery 6. Leukemia, for e.g , chronic myeloid leukemia 7. Toxic conditions, for e.g , uremia, hepatic coma 8. Coticosteroid therapy

6. Neutropenia A. Physiological Physiological neutropenia is very rare. Sometimes, it occurs after chronic exposure to severe cold.

7. Pathological 1. Starvation and debility 2. Typhoid and paratyphoid fever 3. Aplastic anemia (bone marrow failure) 4. Parasitic infections, like malaria , kala azar 5. Viral infections, like measles, influenza, viral hepatitis 6. Hypersplenism 7. Drug-induced neutropenia

8. Eosinophilia Allergic conditions Bronchial asthma Urticaria Food allergy Hay fever 2. Parasitic infestations Hookworm Filariasis Hydatid disease 3. Skin diseases Psoriasis Pemphigus 4. Collagen diseases Periarteritis nodosa 5. Hodgkin's disease 6. Addison 's disease 7. Certain leukemias

9. Eosinopenia 1. ACTH therapy 2. Cushing's disease 3. Acute pyogenic infections 4. Aplastic anemia

10. Basophilia 1. Chronic myeloid leukemia 2. Polycythemia Basophilopenia It occurs rarely, as seen in severe septicemia or aplastic anemia

11. Lymphocytosis 1. Chronic infections Tuberculosis Pertussis (whooping cough ) Syphilis Brucellosis 2. Infectious mononucleosis 3. Lymphocytic leukemia 4. Lymphomas 5. Viral infections

12. Lymphocytopenia 1. lmmunosuppressive therapy 2. ACTH therapy 3. Hodgkin's disease 4. Bone marrow failure

13. Monocytosis 1. Protozoan diseases Malaria Kala azar 2. Hodgkin's disease 3. Monocytic or myelomonocytic leukemia 4. ACTH therapy

14. Monocytopenia (rare) 1. Bone marrow failure 2. Aplastic anemia 3. Septicemia

15. References Text book of Medical Physiology 14 th edition Guyton & Hall Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 26 edition. Human Physiology Vander Text book of Medical Physiology Indukurana Hutchinson Clinical Methods

16. THANK YOU . . .