WEEK 11-12 FOSSIL FUELS.PowerPoint Presentation

WEEK 11-12 FOSSIL FUELS.pptx powerpoint presentation in fossil fuels earth science grade 11

1. What’s New?

2. What’s New? It’s all About Transportation!

3. How do students like you normally go to school? Do you ride on a motorcycle? Buses? Or taxi?

4. What’s New?

5. There are different modes of transportation in the Philippines that make our life more convenient and easier, the most common and traditional are Jeepneys. Air transportation like aircrafts, water transportation like ferries, and automobile industry like grab and motor-taxi are some of the major ways and transportations that really help in transporting goods and services and play a major role in the economy.

6. Can you identify their energy sources?

7. Sources of Energy

8. Energy sources refer to the means by which we generate power to meet our needs. what are energy sources?

9. Can you identify their energy sources?

10. What do you think is the effect on the mode of transportation if the source of energy is not available?

11. What do you think is the effect on the mode of transportation if the source of energy is not available? If the source of energy, such as gasoline or diesel, is not available, transportation will be severely affected, leading to disruptions in mobility , delays in transportation of goods, and limited access to services . Public and private transport systems would come to a halt, creating difficulties in daily commuting and economic activities.

12. What do you think will be its impact on our economy?

13. What do you think will be its impact on our economy? The unavailability of energy sources for transportation would negatively impact the economy by slowing down the movement of people, goods, and services. This could result in higher transportation costs , inflation due to limited supply of goods, and reduced productivity in various sectors, ultimately affecting the country's growth.

14. Fossil fuels are formed from ancient plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. They include coal, oil, and natural gas. Fossil Fuels

15. Fossil fuels are formed from ancient plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. They include coal, oil, and natural gas. When we burn these fuels, they release energy that we can use to power things like cars, factories, and homes. Fossil Fuels

16. Fossil fuels are formed from ancient plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. They include coal, oil, and natural gas. When we burn these fuels, they release energy that we can use to power things like cars, factories, and homes. However, burning fossil fuels also releases pollution, so it's important to find cleaner energy sources too. Fossil Fuels

17. It's important to use energy wisely and think about the impact on the environment. That's why we're finding new ways to produce clean and renewable energy for a healthier planet. Remember!

18. FOSSILS What are they and how can we learn from them?

19. What are fossils? Fossils are the preserved remains of an animal or plant. Fossils can be an animal's bones, teeth, footprints, or even their poop! Fossils can be found all over the world and tell us a lot about what life was like long ago.

20. What do fossils tell us? Fossils can tell us why an animal went extinct, or died out, long ago. Maybe an animal went extinct because of changes in the environment . Pollution is one cause on extinction today. Can you think of something else that could cause a species to go extinct?

21. Who studies fossils? Scientists called paleontologists study plant and animal fossils. Paleontologists use special tools to carefully uncover fossils from the ground so the fossils are not damaged. Paleontologists then study those fossils to figure out how old they are and where they came from.

22. How are fossils formed? Not everything will become a fossil. If something is buried right after it dies, it might leave behind bones or shells. Sediment and minerals form over the remains and harden. This preserves the remains and forms a new fossil!

23. POP QUIZ

24. What are fossils? A - ordinary rocks found in the dirt B - preserved remains of plants and animals C - parts of plants stuck in mud

25. Who studies fossils? A - biologists B - mathematicians C - paleontologists

26. What is one thing we can learn from fossils? A - why an animal went extinct B - what color an animal was C - what an animal sounded like

27. What can be a fossil? A - bones and teeth B - poop and plants C - all of the above

28. FOSSILIZATION The fossilization process begins with the death of an organism. The soft tissues of the organism (skin, muscles, organs) decompose or are eaten by scavengers. The hard structures (bones, shells, teeth) remain intact. DEATH For fossilization to occur, the remains of the organism need to be buried quickly to protect it from being scattered by scavengers, wind or water. The remains are covered by sediment (mud, sand, silt, ash). BURIAL Water seeps into the skeleton, turning it into stone. The water leaves minerals where the bones once were, which preserves the organism's structure. PETRIFICATION LITHIFICATION Over time, the skeleton is covered by more layers of sediment that compact and eventually turn to rock. This process is referred to as lithification. EXPOSURE Over time, the processes of erosion, uplift, weathering and so on, may expose the fossils to the surface. Palaeontologists then carefully excavate and study the fossils to learn about life on earth millions of years ago. The fossilization process takes thousands to millions of years and requires very specific conditions. The oldest fossils found on Earth are estimated to be 3.5 billion years old. As fossils are the preserved remains of past life, they provide a window into our ever-changing planet and the ancient lifeforms that once inhabited it. THE PROCESS BY WHICH THE REMAINS OR TRACES OF ORGANISMS ARE PRESERVED IN ROCK.

29. THINK OF THE TERMS “FOSSIL” AND “FUEL” TO GUIDE YOUR THINKING! WHAT COMES TO MIND WHEN YOU HEAR “FOSSIL FUEL”?

30. Formed from the remains of plants and animals from millions of years ago Natural, ancient sources of energy DEFINING FOSSIL FUELS JUST LIKE FOSSILS! BECAUSE THEY ARE FUELS!

31. HOW ARE FOSSIL FUELS FORMED? Remains of ancient plants and animals, called organic material, are buried in rock layers throughout time. During this process, organic materials are subjected to intense heat and pressure. Transform into natural sources of energy called fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas)

32. COAL PETROLEUM/OIL NATURAL GAS Dark/black sedimentary rock that is combustible Burned to generate heat, light, and electricity Referred to as crude oil/oil Converted to petrol / diesel Primarily composed of methane Used for cooking, heating, and generating electricity WHAT ARE THE MAJOR TYPES OF FOSSIL FUELS AND WHERE ARE THEY USUALLY FOUND? three major types of fossil fuels

33. COAL Through surface or underground mining Coal is an essential fossil fuel primarily found in areas where ancient plants and forests were buried and compressed millions of years ago. The Philippines uses approximately 50% coal to produce energy and electricity.

34. Anthracite: Hard, brittle, black, with the highest carbon content. Bituminous: Most common, used for electricity generation, shiny and smooth. Subbituminous: Dull black, with higher heating value. Lignite: Brown coal, lowest grade with the least carbon content. There are four ranks of coal:

35. Anthracite: Hard, brittle, black, with the highest carbon content. Bituminous: Most common, used for electricity generation, shiny and smooth. Subbituminous: Dull black, with higher heating value. Lignite: Brown coal, lowest grade with the least carbon content. There are four ranks of coal:

36. PETROLEUM/OIL On-land and offshore drilling through the use of a rig or platform Oil forms mainly from algae buried in mud at the bottom of seas and lakes millions of years ago. It is primarily used for transportation fuels and petroleum products.

37. The Philippines imports oil from countries like Saudi Arabia and Russia. Major companies in the oil market include Petron Corporation, Pilipinas Shell, and Chevron Philippines.

38. NATURAL GAS Primarily composed of methane Used for cooking, heating, and generating electricity Natural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas, primarily composed of methane. It is the cleanest fossil fuel, being odorless and colorless in its natural state.

39. NATURAL GAS Primarily composed of methane Used for cooking, heating, and generating electricity It is produced by forcing chemicals, water, and sand into the Earth to extract the gas from sedimentary rock formations. The Philippines’ primary source of natural gas is from the Malampaya gas field in Palawan.

40. NATURAL GAS Primarily composed of methane Used for cooking, heating, and generating electricity It is produced by forcing chemicals, water, and sand into the Earth to extract the gas from sedimentary rock formations. The Philippines’ primary source of natural gas is from the Malampaya gas field in Palawan.

41. THINK AND DISCUSS WITH YOUR SEATMATE FOR 5 MINUTES. WHAT ARE THE PROS AND CONS OF FOSSIL FUELS?

42. The burning of fossil fuels makes light, heat, and electricity possible. Fossil fuels are cost-effective and can generate large amounts of power. THE POWER OF FOSSIL FUELS

43. THE PROBLEM WITH FOSSIL FUELS 1 2 3 FINITE AND NON-RENEWABLE Once used, they cannot be replaced! CONTRIBUTE to global warming They produce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases when burned. MAY LEAD TO DISEASES AND OTHER HEALTH ISSUES The burning of fossil fuels has been linked to respiratory diseases.

44. The importance of conserving energy resources by reflecting and knowing to oneself how to reduce energy consumption in their daily live

45. Activity: “Energy Reflection and Action Plan“ Objective : To reflect on personal energy consumption habits and propose specific actions to reduce energy usage in daily life. Materials : One whole sheet of yellow pad paper Pen

46. Instructions: Reflect : Think about how you use energy in your daily life. Consider activities such as using electricity, transportation, cooking, and the use of gadgets. List down at least five things you do each day that involve energy consumption. Analyze : For each item on your list, identify whether it involves the use of fossil fuels (e.g., electricity, gasoline), renewable energy (e.g., solar-powered gadgets), or both . Write your answers beside each activity. Reduce : Now, think of three realistic ways you can reduce energy consumption in your daily life. Be specific. For example, instead of saying "use less electricity," say "turn off the lights when I leave the room" or "limit screen time to 1 hour in the evening." Write a Reflection : In 5 sentences , write a reflection on why it’s important to conserve energy. Consider the environmental, economic, and personal benefits of reducing energy consumption. Create an Action Plan : Using the ideas from your reflection, create a simple action plan to reduce energy consumption. Include the specific steps you plan to take and how often you will do them (daily, weekly, etc.).

47. Grading Criteria (30 points total): Reflection (10 points) – Clarity and depth of understanding about energy conservation. Action Plan (15 points) – Practicality and specificity of the steps proposed. Neatness and Organization (5 points) – How well the paper is organized and presented.

48. Fossil Fuels Quick Quiz Are you ready?

49. Renewable Non-renewable Neither renewable or non-renewable Which of the below best describes fossil fuels?

50. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel is formed over millions of years from dead plants?

51. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel be used to make petrol to power cars?

52. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel is currently most abundant and accessible on Earth?

53. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel could be the most explosive if it leaks?

54. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel is the easiest to transport?

55. Respiration Deforestation Global warming Which process does burning fossil fuels contribute to?

56. Oxygen Carbon dioxide Argon Which gas is given off when fossil fuels are burn?

57. They can react really quickly They are difficult to set alight They can only be used once Fossil fuels are finite. What does this mean?

58. Coal does not produce enough energy Mining coal can damage land Coal is often too reactive Which of the following is a disadvantage of using coal?

59. Quick Quiz Very well done! Fossil Fuels

60. Renewable Non-renewable Neither renewable or non-renewable Which of the below best describes fossil fuels?

61. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel is formed over millions of years from dead plants?

62. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel be used to make petrol to power cars?

63. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel is currently most abundant and accessible on Earth?

64. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel could be the most explosive if it leaks?

65. Coal Oil Natural gas Which fossil fuel is the easiest to transport?

66. Respiration Deforestation Global warming Which process does burning fossil fuels contribute to?

67. Oxygen Carbon dioxide Argon Which gas is given off when fossil fuels are burn?

68. They can react really quickly They are difficult to set alight They can only be used once Fossil fuels are finite. What does this mean?

69. Coal does not produce enough energy Mining coal can damage land Coal is often too reactive Which of the following is a disadvantage of using coal?