Western Education.pptx

Lord Macaulay, the president of the General Committee of Public Instruction played the most important role in introducing the western system of education. However, the process started in 1813. They started incorporating the western system of education in India by 1813. Lord Macaulay is the one who is said to have introduced western education in India.

1. History of Western Education in India Initiative taken by the Missionaries Missionaries schools were established in Madras, Bengal and Bombay. Controversy regarding Government Policies Charter Act of 1813 Angliscist and Orientalist Western & Native and Traditional oriental learning. Lord William Bentick in 1835. Lord Macaulay-Law member of the Governor General’s Council. Education Minute-1835 Wood’s Dispatch -1854-12 POINT RECOMMENDATION Dr.R.Pricila

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3. Sir Thomas Munro, who assumed charge as the Governor of Madras in 1820, directed the collector of the districts to submit reports as to the condition of Education in their respective districts, with the object of bringing education reforms. The Pandits taught the Sanskrit in patasalas and taught the Muslims in the Mosques. Introduction of Western System of Education in Tamilnadu Dr.R.Pricila

4. Hindu and Mohamedan were established Muslim college at calcutta , and a Sanskrit institution at Banaras were started . Dr.R.Pricila

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6. The history of the development of English education in India falls into four distinct periods: 1. From 1772 to 1818, the period of beginnings; 2. From 1818 to 1854, the period of foundation and decision of great importance; 3. From 1854 to 1901, the period of rapid expansion; and 4 . From 1901 to the present day, the period of examination and modification . Dr.R.Pricila

7. Charles Grant, one of the Directors of the company, submitted a memorandum to the British government to introduce English education in India. Dr.R.Pricila

8. In the Chartaer Act of 1813 provision was made for "the revival and improvement of literature and for the introudction and promotion of knowledge of the sciences among the inhabitants of the 20 British territories in India Dr.R.Pricila

9. Through the efforts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy the Hindu college was founded in 1817 where Hindus received education in European languages and sciences, and the Bishop of Calcutta opened an institute to train young Christians as preachers and impart knowledge of English to Hindus and Muslims . Mean while in Madras Presidency, steps were taken for the introudction of English education without interfering with the indigenous system of learning Collectorate school at district headquarters and Tahsildari school at taluk headquarters were started throughout the 21 Madras Presidency Dr.R.Pricila

10. "In every collectorate there were to be two collectorate schools, one for the Hindus and the other for the Muslims, under one or more teachers trained in various subjects. At Tahsildari , there was to be a school 22 under a competent school-master' Dr.R.Pricila

11. English was taught in the collectorate schools, while in Tahsildari schools the entire teaching was conducted either in Tamil, Telugu or Kannada repsectively in the linguistic regions of the Madras Presidency. Dr.R.Pricila

12. While introducing European knowledge the country Directors had clearly announced that they did not wish to discourage higher studies in Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic literature; and they believed that a knowledge of English alone would enable Indians to acquire higher education and that they wished it to be taught along with the Indian language, and that vernacular should be the medium of instruction in the elementary classes. Dr.R.Pricila

13. There were two schools of thought among the English educationists in regard to the type of education to be imparted to the Indians. The first school headed by Lord Macaulay was for education through English medium and introduction of western culture and literature. Dr.R.Pricila

14. The second school, known as the Orientalists , while agreeing to the education of the Indians in western science and knowledge, advocated the encouragement of Sanskrit and Arabic literature. Dr.R.Pricila

15. TECHNICAL EDUCATION Besides literary education, government also gave due encouragement to technical education with a view to enhance the opportunities and industrial output. To implement the system effectively a committee was constituted under the chairmanship of Abot and Wood. These tehnical experts after thorough investigation submitted a report to the government. The report rcommended the government to start job oriented technical courses in schools and colleges. Dr.R.Pricila

16. It also suggested the industrialist to utilise trained technicians in their firms. Governement accepted the recommentation of the committee in priniciple. But due to the outbreak of second world war,the proposals of the committee were not implemented by the government. Then the government of India with a view to approve technical education, consituted a committee under the chairmenship of John Sergent. This report encouraged technical education. Dr.R.Pricila

17. Founding of Annamalai University The idea of starting a Tamil university was in the mind of the tamil people in the early years of 20th century. The formation of Mysore University in 1916 and the Andhra University in 1925 induced the people of the southern districts of Madras presidency to start a Tamil university either in Madurai or in Trichy. At this time, the Madras university appointed a committee to study elaborately the possibilty of starting university in the southern parts of Tamilnadu. Dr.R.Pricila

18. In the meantime, Sir, Annamalai Chettiyar the Raja of Chettinad, started Meenakshi College in 1921 at Chidamaram. In 1922B.A degree course was started in this college. In the mean time, Meenakshi College introduced the degree courses in science and B.A (Hons) in 1927. Raja Sir, Annamalai Chettiar established an endowement for Rs.20 lakhs in order to upgrade the Meenakshi College into a university. Again, for this purpose the existing three college and their buildings were brought under one management. Dr.R.Pricila