what books and burial tell us

HISTORY
CHAPTER 5
CLASS VI

1. C L A S S-VI HISTORY CH-5- WHAT BOOKS & BURIALS TELL US BY SHRADHA SINGH (KVS)

2. Oldest Books in the World :- Four Vedas :- Rigveda , Samaveda Y ajurveda and Ath a rvaveda . Oldest Vedas :-Rigveda Contains more than 1000 hymns or s ukta or well said . It is in old sanskrit differ from present sanskrit . These are composed in praise of Agni(fire god), Indra (warrior god), Soma (plant)

3. Vedic Rishis who composed these hymns and taught students to recite and memorise these

4. GODS & GODDESSES Rigveda was recited and heard . Three Important Gods :- Agni – God of Fire . Indra – A Warrior God. Suriya- Sun God .

5. Sanskrit is a part of Indo European family of languages. Some Indian languages such as Assamese, Gujarati, Hindi, Kashmiri and Sindhi, and many European languages such as English, French , German , Greek, Italian and Spanish belong to this family. SANSKRIT AND OTHER LANGUAGES Languages Area Family North east Indo-Tibetan family Jharkhand and parts of Central India Austro0Asiatic family Tamil,Telugu , Kannada, Malayalam South Dravidian

6. HOW HISTORIANS STUDY RIGVEDA Some hymns are also in the form of dialogues .For example dialogue between Sage Viswamitra a nd two rivers( Beas and Satluj ) worshipped as rivers.

7. RIG VEDA There are many Prayers in the Rigveda for Cattle , Children ( Son ) and Horses. Battles were fought to capture land and cattle .Most men took part in these wars. There were assemblies where people met and discussed matters of war and peace Some wealth was kept by the leaders,some was given to priests and the rest was distributed amongst the people. Wealth was also used for performance of yajnas for gods and goddesses.

8. Words used to describe P e ople in rigveda There Two Groups who are described in terms of their work. Priest or Brahmins Rajas – They did not have capital cities ,Palaces or Armies.

9. Commu ni ty is described as jana and Vish . The word Vaishya comes from Vish. 1.. Vish or jana are mentioned .For example – puru jana , Bharat Vish etc . 2. Aryas and Dasyus : Those who composed hymns were Aryas and their Opponents were Das a s or Dasyus . WORD TO DESCRIBE COMMUNITY AS A WHOLE

10. Story of Megaliths Stone boulders , known as Megaliths were carefully arranged by the pe ople to mark Burial sites . Found in Deccan,South India,North East and Kashmir

11. Common Features of Burial Place The dead were buried with distinctive pots ,which are called Black and red ware . Skeletons , Horses , o rnaments some iron tools are also found.

12. BURIALS

13. finding about Social Difference In Brahmagiri one Skeletons was found with 33 old beads 2 stone bead s and 4 copper Bangles and one shell . Other Skeletons are not Having any Ornaments .This shows Social status S ome megaliths contains more than one s keletons .Stone circles or boulders served as sign posts to find the burial site .

14. A Special burial at inamgaon It is a site on the river ghod a tributary of the river Bhima. Here adults were b uried in the ground with head towards north. S ometimes dead were buried within the houses . V essels with food and water were placed with the dead. One Burial was found in a clay vessel with four leg s in a five roomed houses.

15. Burial Places

16. Occupations at Inamgaon seeds of wheat, barley,rice , pulses, millets, peas and sesame (AGRICULTURE) Bones of a number of animals, many bearing cut marks that show they may have been used as food, have also been found. These include cattle, buffalo, goat , sheep , dog, horse, ass, pig, sambhar , Spotted deer , blackbuck , antelope, hare, and mongoose, besides birds , crocodile, turtle, crab and fish. There is evidence that fruits such as ber , amla , jamun , dates and a variety of berries were collected .

17. LOCATION ,INAMGAON

18. THANKS