WHAT IS FIBER

USE AND APPLICATION OF FIBER

1. FIBRE

2. What is fibres ? The definition of a fibre is a thin, threadlike structure that combines to form animal or plant tissue, or a thin, threadlike structure made synthetically or from minerals. Fibre belong to another important class of polymer. They are the strongest of the three different types polymers,i.e, Plastic, Rubber and Fibres.

3. Characteristics of fibres They have the strongest intermolecular forces of attraction. These forces due to Hydrogen Bonding . In fibers, elasticity is minimum due to strong intermolecular forces. The molecules of these polymers are long, thin and threadlike. The molecules or chain are closely packed due to presence of strong intermolecular forces. They have high melting point and low solubility due to their crystallinity .

4. TYPES OF FIBRES Natural Fibres Semisynthetic Fibre Synthetic Fibres

5. NATURAL FIBRES Natural Fibres are made from plant, animal and mineral sources. Natural Fibres contain nitrogen. The mostly used plant fibres are cotton, jute hemp, cellulose, etc. The widely used animal fibres are animal hair(wool), silk fibres, avian fibres(feathers)

6. SYNTHETIC FIBRES Synthetic fibers are the result of extensive research by scientists to improve on naturally occurring animal and plant fibers . Synthetic fibers are created by forcing, usually through extrusion , fiber forming materials through holes into the air and water forming a thread. Sir Joseph Swan invented the first synthetic fiber in the early 1880s. His fiber was drawn from a cellulose liquid, formed by chemically modifying the fiber contained in tree bark .

7. Some names of synthetic fibres Nylon Polyacrylionitrile Polypropene Terylene Glyptal

8. NYLON Nylon was originally prepared in New York and London simultaneously. The name of Nylon is the combination of New York and London. Ny = New York Lon = London Ny + lon = Nylon Nylon are also called Polyamides. Nylon are of two types : ( i ) Nylon 6 (ii) Nylon 6,6 (iii ) Nylon 6,10