What Where How When Social Science .pptx

What Where How When Social Science

1. SYLLABUS CHAPTER 1. WHAT, WHERE, HOW AND WHEN?

2. SUBJECT CLASS CHAPTER SOCIAL SCIENCE (HISTORY) 6 1 WHAT , WHERE ,HOW AND WHEN ?

3. Themes Objectives An Introduction to History When, Where and How The time frame under study. The geographical framework. Sources. Explain the specific nature of the discipline. Familiarise the learner with the major developments to be studied. Develop an understanding of the significance of geographical terms used during the time frame. Illustrate the sources used to reconstruct history .

4. What is History?   History is a chronological account of events as they took place in the past. When we live in a society, we become used to the world around us. We begin to take that world for granted. We forget that life was not always the way we see it. History can take us into these pasts.

5. Why Should We Study History? We should study history as it tells us about our past. It gives us an understanding of our ancient culture and lifestyle. It helps us to solve the problems of the present-day world.

6. 🞂 ​ 1 History helps us in knowing about the past kings, kingdoms and the society. History tells us about the way people lived, the food they ate and the clothes they wore. History tells us about the occupations of people. History tells us about the great achievements of our ancestors. History tells us about the mistakes made by our ancestors. History also tells us about the games children played during a particular time. 7We learn from history to make a better future.

7. 🞂 ​ Where did people live ? 🞂 ​ Name of the land India and Bharat 🞂 ​ Finding about the past- - manuscript and inscription 🞂 ​ What do dates mean? BC and AD 🞂 ​ Elsewhere ...rosetta stone of Egypt

8. 🞂 ​ Eating habits 🞂 ​ Clothes they wore 🞂 ​ Houses they lived in 🞂 ​ Lives of different people 🞂 ​ Their games ,stories and songs

9. What people used to eat, the type of clothes they used to wear, the houses in which they lived. How were the lives of hunters, herders, farmers, rulers, merchants, priests, craftspersons , artists, musicians, and scientists? The games children used to play, the stories they have heard, the songs they sang.

10. 🞂 ​ Earliest people where hunter gatherers -- so they wandered…from one place to another and did not have fixed or permanent settlement but mainly wandered along banks of river like Narmada .. 🞂 ​ People began to grow crops like wheat and barley in Sulaiman and kirthar hills around 8000 years ago and also in Garo Khasi Hill of North eas t . then they started cattle rearing to get meal ,wool and skin .. 🞂 ​ . Rice was first grown in the the north of Vindhya

11. 🞂 ​ Around 5000 years ago some of the earliest cities flourished along the the bank of Indus and their tributaries that is Indus Valley Civilization. Around 2500 years ago cities and civilization developed along the bank of Ganga and its tributaries this lead to (south) rise of Magadh a kingdoms at the southern area of Ganga river

12. 🞂 ​ People travelled all over the subcontinent 🞂 ​ Common people for livelihood 🞂 Or to escape during drought floods etc like natural disaster 🞂 ​ Army conquer lands 🞂 ​ Merchants for trade 🞂 ​ Religious teachers traveled to spread religion and wisdom 🞂 ​ Some for adventure spirit

13. ​ The special things from this various type of these movements enriched ours 1 . C ultural tradition 2 . P eople have shared new ways of carving stone 3 . C omposing music 4 . and even cooking food

14. India ….. due to Indus which is called Sindhu in Sanskrit the Iranian and the greeks who came through the Northwest about 2500 years ago and where familiar with the Indus called it the Hindus or the indos and the land to the east of the river was called India Bharat …. the name Bharat was used for a group of people who lived in the Northwest and who are mentioned in Rig v eda the earliest composition in Sanskrit( dated to about 3500 years ago)

15. 🞂 ​ MANUSCRIPTS ….. 🞂 ​ Books written by hand long ago called – manuscripts…. Menu.. means hand in Latin words and script means writen 🞂 ​ Written on Palm leaves or birch is specially found in H imalayas , some eaten by insects, some destroyed many survived. 🞂 Deals with religious ,kings ,medicine, literature and science 🞂 ​ Written in Sanskrit Pali and Tamil

16. 🞂 ​ … Writings on relatively hard surface such as stone or metal. 🞂 ​ Had record of Orders and victories of kings 🞂 ​ They had advantages of having life as compared of manuscripts

17. 🞂 ​ Archaeologist ….. they study the remains of buildings paintings and sculptures 🞂 ​ They also explore and and excavate under the surface of the earth to find tools, weapon, pots,pans, ornaments and coins. 🞂 ​ Some of these objects may we made of stone, others of bones,baked clay or metal 🞂 ​ Objects that are made of hard, imperishable (enduring forever) , substance usually survive for a long time.

18. 🞂 ​ Generally historian used the term …source..for the information got from manuscripts ,inscriptions and archealogist 🞂 ​ After getting source ..study of past became interesting

19. 🞂 ​ If someone ask for date 2020 it means 2020 years after the birth of Jesus Christ. 🞂 ​ Birth of Jesus is supposed to be the zero point of history. 🞂 ​ Before that time all the dates are counted backward and are called BC or before Christ 🞂 ​ The time after birth of Jesus is called AD or Anno Domini so 2020 is AD 2020 🞂 ​ CE- common era used instead of AD and BCE- - before common era used instead of BC

20. Many inscriptions contain both script and language. language changes over time so understanding the inscription is not simple. 🞂 ​ This is done by a process known as decipherment . 🞂 ​ Rosetta stone of Egypt had inscriptions on 3 different languages and scripts( Greek and two forms of Egyptian)

21. SCRIPT ROSETTA STONE OF EZYPT INDUS VALLEY CIVILISATION

22. Exercise Questions 1 You have to interview an archaeologist. Prepare a list of five questions that you would like to ask her/him Solution: What is Archaeology? What does an Archaeologist do? What is the process involved in excavation? How does Archaeologist determine the age of any of the objects discovered from excavations? Why are symbols important in the field of Archaeology?

23. 2 Match the following Narmada Valley The first big kingdom Magadha Hunting and gathering Garo Hills Cities about 2500 years ago Indus and its tributaries Early agriculture Ganga valley The first cities

24. Solution Narmada Valley Hunting and gathering Magadha The first big kingdom Garo Hills Early agriculture Indus and its tributaries The first cities Ganga valley Cities about 2500 years ago

25. 3 List one major difference between manuscripts and inscriptions S OLUTION Manuscripts Inscriptions They were written by hand, these were usually written on palm leaves or on the specially prepared bark of a tree known as The Birch, which grows in the Himalayas . These are writings engraved on relatively hard surfaces such as stone or metal.

26. 4 Return to Rasheeda’s question. Can you think of some answers to it? When Rasheeda was reading the newspaper, her eyes fell on a small headline: “One Hundred Years ago.” How, she wondered, could anyone know what had happened so many years ago SOLUTION One can think of 4 different ways Inscriptions Manuscripts Tools and weapons Reading the books written in the past

27. 5 Make a list of all objects that archaeologists may find. Which of these could be made of stone? SOLUTION The findings of Archaeologists could be of 9 different types. 1. Buildings made of stone and brick 3. Sculpture 5. Weapons 7. Pans 2. Paintings 4. Tools 6. Pots 8. Ornaments 9. Coins

28. The objects that could be made up of stones are given below 1. Buildings 2. Tools 3. Weapons 4. Ornaments

29. 6 Why do you think ordinary men and women did not generally keep records of what they did? SOLUTION Unlike the present day, record keeping was not easy in the past. Records were usually maintained by Kings to describe their victories in battles. Those records were maintained by inscribing on stones, which were not an easy task that could be carried out by ordinary men and women.

30. 7 Describe at least 2 ways in which you think the lives of kings would have been different from those of farmers. SOLUTION Kings had absolute power over all his subjects, irrespective of their profession, farmers had no such powers. 2. Kings lived in palaces. Farmers had no such opportunities. 3. The King was responsible for protecting his kingdom by waging battles, whereas the farmers’ responsibilities were to grow crops.

31. Multiple choice questions choose the correct options to complete the statement given below 1 People who gathered their food are called (a) Hunters ( b) skilled gatherers ( c ) farmers (d) Merchant 2 The places where rice was first grown are located in (a) North of The vindhyas ( b) sulaiman Hills (c) on the banks of Ganga (d) garo Hill 3 ..................... was not used in the old books (a) prakrutik ( b) Hindi (c) Sanskrit (d) Tamil 4 The kingdom of Magadha was located (a) on the banks of the Indus (b) in the south of the vindhyas in the area along Gangas tributaries in the south of Ganga in the Garo Hills reason

32. Fill in the blanks 1 Man and women moved in search of ........................and to escape from............... 2 The name India was given by the iranis and the ................................................ 3 The work of the birch tree was used to prepare................................ 4 Inscription where writen on hard surface like..................................... 5 Travelling from one place to another lead to ............................................

33. True false state whether the sentence are true T or false F The first crops were grown almost 8000 years ago. The Garo Hills are located in South of India. The Magadh Kingdom was set up near the Ganga river. The rigved is the earliest composition in the Sanskrit language. The iranis and the greeks called India Bharat. Inscriptions were written on the palm leaf. The years are counted with reference to the birth of Christ. Ordinary people used prakrit to talk to each others

34. Very short answer type questions 1 what do you know about the location of the Sulaiman and kirthar hills ? Answer the Sulaiman and kirthar hills are located in the modern day Pakistan 2 Name any two animals which the people of the Sulaiman and kirthar hills reared? Answer sheep and goat 3 Where are the Garo Hills located ? Answer the Garo Hill are in the north east India 4 What are tributries ? Answer tributries are small river that flow into a bigger river 5 Name the tributary of the river Ganga ? Answers son 6 Where was Magadh located ? answer Magadh was located in the south of the Ganga 7 Why was Magadh famous ? Answer Magadh was famous because its rulers where very powerful who establish a big Kingdom

35. 8 What was the job of religious teachers ? Answer - religious teacher move from one place to another to offer instructions and advice to the people who meet on the way 9 from where does the word India come ? Answer- the word India comes from the Indus known as Sindhu in Sanskrit 10 What is meant by manuscript ? Answer - manuscript meant letter written by hand 11 what was used in the ancient time to write manuscript ? Answer - Palm leaf and the bark of the birch trees was used in the ancient time to write manuscript 12 what are inscription ? Answer - inscriptions are written on the relatively hard surface like stone and metal 13 why do archaeologist look for bones of animal , birds and fish ? Answer - they do so in order to find out what people ate in the past 14 what are the occupation of the people of the Andaman Island ? Answer - the people of the Andaman Islands are engaged in fishing, hunting and collecting forest products

36. Short answer type questions 1 what do you know about the earliest people who live along the bank of river Narmada for several Hundred Thousand Years ? Answer- those people where skilled gatherers, they gathered their food . they also collected root, fruits and other forest products for their food , they also hunted animals for this purpose . 2 people in the earliest time used to travel from one place to another. What their journey are full of dangers ? what type of dangers did they face ? Answer - It is true that people in the earliest time used to travel from this place to that but their journey were dangerous . the hills and high mountains including the Himalayas, desert , rivers and seas created danger for them but they never got afraid of them instead they overcome them and continued to travel.

37. 3 Who are archaeologist? what do they do? Answer- Archaeologist are person who study the object of the past . they study the remains of the buildings made of stone and bricks, paintings and sculpture they also explore and dig the earth in order to find out tools, weapons, ports, pan , ornament and coins. • 4 How are City people different from the people living in the Andaman Island ? answer - people living in the Andaman Island manage their own food by fishing hunting and collecting forest produce. on the other hand City people depend on other for supplies of food. 5 How can you say that historians and archaeologists are like detective ? • Answer- Historian often use the word source to refer to the information found from manuscript, inscriptions and archaeology. once source are found ,learning about the past becomes an adventure as we reconstruct it bit by bit , so historians and archaeologists are like detectives who use all these source like clues to discover about the past.

38. long answer type questions 1 How was travelling an important part of life of the people in the pasts ? Answer people in the past were very fond of travelling from one place to another. Although the hills and high mountains like the Himalayas, deserts, rivers and seas posed great problem, people keeps on travelling. They moved in search of livelihood they had also in their mind to escape from natural disasters such as flood and drought. Sometime men marched in Armies and conquered others lands. Merchant travelled with caravans or ship they carried valuable goods from place to place. There were religious teachers who used to walk from village to village town to town. They offered instructions and advice to the people who met them on the way. There were also people who travelled because they were at adventures by nature they enjoyed discovering new and exciting places .

39. 2 What are the different ways to find out about the past? Answer- the different ways to find out about the past are following 1 Manu script - these were hand written matter they were usually written on Palm leaf or the bark of the birch tree while many of these manuscript got destroyed, many have survived in temples and monasteries. These books deal with all kind of subject such as religious beliefs and practices ,the lives of kings, medicines and Science, this one script also include epics poems plays. • 2 Inscriptions - are writing on relatively hard surfaces such as stone and metal surface. some time kings got their orders inscribed in order to make common people aware of them. Inscription keep records of victories in battle. 3 Archaeological excavations or evidences - archaeology mean the study of culture of the past and of the period of history by examine the remains of buildings and objects found in the earth, archaeologist explore and dig Earth to find tool, weapon, pots, pans, ornaments and coins. these things provide as valuable information about the past .